Neurospine

Clinical, Radiographic, and Genetic Analyses in a Population-Based Cohort of Adult Spinal Deformity in the Older Population: Jun Jae Shin, Byeongwoo Kim, Juwon Kang, Junjeong Choi, Bong Ju Moon, Dal Sung Ryu, Seung Hwan Yoon, Dong Kyu Chin, Jung-Kil Lee, Keung Nyun Kim, Yoon Ha; Neurospine 2021;18(3):608-617. Published online September 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2142544.272

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Clinical, Radiographic, and Genetic Analyses in a Population-Based Cohort of Adult Spinal Deformity in the Older Population

Neurospine. 2021;18(3):608-617. Published online September 30, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2142544.272

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Clinical, Radiographic, and Genetic Analyses in a Population-Based Cohort of Adult Spinal Deformity in the Older Population

Neurospine. 2021;18(3):608-617. Published online September 30, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2142544.272

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Objective
This study aimed to identify the sagittal parameters associated with health-related quality of life and genetic variations that increase the risk of adult spinal deformity (ASD) onset in the older population.
Methods
We recruited 120 participants who had a sagittal vertical axis > 50 mm in a sagittal imbalance study. Sagittal radiographic parameters, cross-sectional area, and intramuscular fatty infiltration using the Goutallier classification in the paraspinal lumbar muscles were evaluated. Functional scales included the self-reported Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and visual analogue scales (VAS) for back and leg pain. We performed whole-exome sequencing and an exome-wide association study using the 100 control subjects and 63 individuals with severe phenotypes of sagittal imbalance.
Results
Pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI–LL) mismatch was negatively associated with the SF-36 and positively correlated with ODI and VAS for back and leg pain. PI–LL was related to the quality and size of the paraspinal muscles, especially the multifidus muscle. We identified common individual variants that reached exome-wide significance using single-variant analysis. The most significant single-nucleotide polymorphism was rs78773460, situated in an exon of the SVIL gene (odds ratio, 9.61; p = 1.15 × 10^-9).
Conclusion
Older age, higher body mass index, and a more significant PI–LL mismatch were associated with unfavorable results on functional scales. We found a genetic variation in the SVIL gene, which has been associated with the integrity of the cytoskeleton and the development of skeletal muscles, in severe ASD phenotypes. Our results help to elucidate the pathogenesis of ASD.

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Bone Mineral Density Changes after Orchiectomy using a Scrotal Approach in Rats: Seong Jun Ryu, Dal Sung Ryu, Jong Yul Kim, Jeong Yoon Park, Kyung Hyun Kim, Dong Kyu Chin, Keun Su Kim, Yong Eun Cho, Sung Uk Kuh; Korean J Spine 2015;12(2):55-59. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2015.12.2.55

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Bone Mineral Density Changes after Orchiectomy using a Scrotal Approach in Rats

Korean J Spine. 2015;12(2):55-59. Published online June 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2015.12.2.55

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Bone Mineral Density Changes after Orchiectomy using a Scrotal Approach in Rats

Korean J Spine. 2015;12(2):55-59. Published online June 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2015.12.2.55

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Objective

To investigate a suitable animal model for studies of male osteoporosis. Osteoporosis has a particularly high incidence in postmenopausal women, resulting in a substantial amount of research with respect to this disease in women. However, research on osteoporosis in men is still lacking.

Methods

Twenty 10-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study, including 4 rats used to establish a baseline bone mineral density (BMD). The other 16 rats were divided into two groups: a sham surgery group (n=8), which underwent a sham operation, and an orchiectomized rat group (OCX) (n=8), which underwent bilateral OCX at 10 weeks of age. Bone mineral density was measured in 4 rats from both the sham surgery group and the OCX group 8 weeks after the surgery, while BMD in the remainder of the rats was measured 10 weeks post-surgery.

Results

Femoral BMD at 8 weeks post-surgery was found to be significantly lower in the OCX group compared to the sham group; a finding that was also similar 10 weeks post-surgery.

Conclusion

8 weeks after undergoing orchiectomy performed via a scrotal, white rats are a suitable model for studies of male osteoporosis.

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Primary Intradural Extramedullary Malignant Melanoma in the Thoracic Spine: Case Report and Literature Review.: Dal Sung Ryu, Young Mok Park, Kyung Hyun Kim, Sarah Lee, Keun Su Kim; Korean J Spine 2010;7(3):184-187.

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Primary Intradural Extramedullary Malignant Melanoma in the Thoracic Spine: Case Report and Literature Review.

Korean J Spine. 2010;7(3):184-187.

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Primary Intradural Extramedullary Malignant Melanoma in the Thoracic Spine: Case Report and Literature Review.

Korean J Spine. 2010;7(3):184-187.

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We present a case of primary malignant melanoma of the thoracic spine mimicking intradural extramedullary meningioma or schwannoma. In 2010, a 55-year-old man presented with hypesthesia below the T4 dermatome level and bilateral leg weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic spine revealed an approximately 1.5 cm well marginated mass lesion in the intradural extramedullary area at the level of T4-5. Preoperative MRI findings suggested benign spinal cord tumor such as meningioma or calcified schwannoma. Surgery revealed a well marginated black-colored tumor. After removal of the tumor, we observed pigmented seeding along the leptomeninges. According to the pathology report, the final diagnosis was malignant melanoma. No evidence of primary malignant tumor, abnormal lymphadenopathy or distant metastatic lesion was found on the PET-CT scan. As a result, the lesion was compatible with primary spinal malignant melanoma. Even if spinal melanoma was suspected in the thoracic spine, it is easy to simply diagnosis the finding as schwannoma or meningioma based on the preoperative radiological findings. Therefore, preoperative diagnosis should be decided carefully, especially for masses in the thoracic spinal tumor.