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"Jeong-Yoon Park"

Letter to the Editor

Letters to the Editor

Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis”
Hyun-Jun Jang, Dongkyu Kim, Bong-Ju Moon, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park, Sung-Uk Kuh, Keun-Su Kim, Dong-Kyu Chin
Neurospine 2026;23(2):506-507.   Published online April 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.26520308.0154

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Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis”
Neurospine. 2026;23(2):506-507.   Published online April 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.26520308.0154
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Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis”
Neurospine. 2026;23(2):506-507.   Published online April 30, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.26520308.0154
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Original Article

Clinical Study/Spinal Imaging

Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis
Hyun-Jun Jang, Dongkyu Kim, Bong-Ju Moon, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park, Sung-Uk Kuh, Keun-Su Kim, Dong-Kyu Chin
Neurospine 2026;23(1):176-186.   Published online January 31, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2551272.636

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Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis
Neurospine. 2026;23(1):176-186.   Published online January 31, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2551272.636
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Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis
Neurospine. 2026;23(1):176-186.   Published online January 31, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2551272.636
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Objective
To evaluate long-term bone quality changes within the fusion construct (FC) after 2- to 3-level lumbar fusion using computed tomography (CT)-derived Hounsfield units (HUs).
Methods
Among 520 screened patients, 222 who underwent 2- to 3-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion met the inclusion criteria. HU values were measured on CT scans preoperatively, at 1-year postoperative, and at final follow-up. The percentage change in HU (HU [final–pre]%) was calculated for each vertebral level.
Results
At the final follow-up, the FC demonstrated a significant decline in HU compared to preoperative values (median [10th–90th percentile], 132.0 [86.5–220.4]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 116.0–142.5 vs. 124.5 [71.0– 210.0]; 109.8–135.1; HU (final–pre)%: -11.0 [-62.0 to 48.5]; -19.9 to -6.1; p<0.001). In contrast, HU increased significantly at the uppermost instrumented vertebra (HU (final–pre)%: median [10th–90th percentile], 28.3 [-19.9 to 102.9]; 95% CI, 21.1–36.4; p<0.001), likely reflecting increased mechanical demands. Subgroup analysis revealed a more pronounced decline in HU in patients with longer follow-up durations, particularly in the FC group (p=0.003).
Conclusion
CT-derived HU revealed progressive trabecular bone loss within FC over time after lumbar fusion. In patients with longer postoperative intervals, clinicians should remain aware of the potential weakening of the FC, which has important implications when considering implant removal or planning revision surgery.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • A Commentary on “Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis”
    Jiajun Deng, Hongsheng Lin
    Neurospine.2026; 23(2): 504.     CrossRef
  • Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Disuse Bone Loss in Fusion Constructs After Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Analysis”
    Hyun-Jun Jang, Dongkyu Kim, Bong-Ju Moon, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park, Sung-Uk Kuh, Keun-Su Kim, Dong-Kyu Chin
    Neurospine.2026; 23(2): 506.     CrossRef
  • 1,311 View
  • 56 Download
  • 2 Crossref

Letter to the Editor

Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis”
Jeong-Yoon Park
Neurospine 2025;22(3):875-876.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2551034.517

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Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis”
Neurospine. 2025;22(3):875-876.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2551034.517
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Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis”
Neurospine. 2025;22(3):875-876.   Published online September 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2551034.517
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  • 21 Download

Original Articles

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis
Mu Ha Lee, Hyun Jun Jang, Bong Ju Moon, Kyung Hyun Kim, Dong Kyu Chin, Keun Su Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park
Neurospine 2024;21(4):1178-1189.   Published online December 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448830.415

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Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis
Neurospine. 2024;21(4):1178-1189.   Published online December 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448830.415
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Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis
Neurospine. 2024;21(4):1178-1189.   Published online December 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448830.415
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Objective
Spinal stenosis is a prevalent condition; however, the optimal surgical treatment for central lumbar stenosis remains controversial. This study compared the clinical outcomes and radiological parameters of 3 surgical methods: unilateral laminectomy bilateral decompression with unilateral biportal endoscopy (ULBD-UBE), conventional subtotal laminectomy (STL), and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).
Methods
This retrospective study included 86 patients, divided into ULBD-UBE (n=34), STL (n=24), and MIS-TLIF (n=28) groups. We evaluated demographics and perioperative factors and assessed clinical outcomes using the visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC). Radiological parameters assessed included lumbar lordosis, L4S1 Cobb angle (L4S1), T12S1 Cobb angle (T12S1), increased cross-sectional dural area (CSA), dynamic angulation (DA), dynamic slip (DS), and development of postoperative instability.
Results
The ULBD-UBE group showed a significantly shorter hospital stay duration and operation time and reduced blood loss than the other groups (p<0.001). ULBD-UBE group showed a trend towards greater VAS and ODI improvement at 1 month and postoperative NIC symptom relief. Radiologically, MIS-TLIF group exhibited lower postoperative DA and DS (p<0.001), indicating higher postoperative stability. Postoperative instability was lower in the ULBD-UBE group (2.9%) than in the STL group (16.7%) and similar to the MIS-TLIF group (0.0%) (p=0.028). The CSA was highest in the MIS-TLIF group (295.5%) compared to that in the other groups (ULBD-UBE, 216.3%; STL, 245.2%) (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Compared to other procedures, ULBD-UBE is a safe, effective, and viable surgical procedure for treating lumbar central stenosis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Bilateral versus Unilateral Decompression in Single-Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Retrospective Comparative Study
    Lu-ming Nong, Jian-jian Yin, Gong-ming Gao, Nan-wei Xu, Gong-yin Zhao, Yu-qing Jiang, Long Han
    World Neurosurgery.2026; 206: 124784.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of paraspinal muscle changes after biportal endoscopic and microscopic lumbar discectomy or decompression
    Ki-Han You, Sang-Min Park, Daniel Park, Min-Seok Kang, Seung-Yeon Jeong, Sun-Ho Cha, Samuel Cho, Hyun-Jin Park
    European Spine Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • O‐Arm Navigation Enhances Facet Preservation Without Compromising Clinical Outcomes in UBE Decompression for Radiographically Stable Adult Degenerative Scoliosis: A Single‐Center Comparative Study
    Yi Liu, Yiwei Xie, Zhibao Chen, Ruijun Xu, Haojie Chen, Xiaojian Ye, Jiangming Yu
    Orthopaedic Surgery.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Totally endoscopic trans‑superior articular process lumbar interbody fusion: A case series on the development and preliminary evaluation of an innovative minimally invasive lumbar spine surgical technique
    Hualv Liu, Junjie Li, Yuhao Gao, Shilei Qin, Pengfei Han, Yunfeng Xu
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2025; 30(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Bilateral–Contralateral Endoscopic Decompression as a Fusion-Deferral Strategy in Upper Lumbar Stenosis: A Structural Rationale and Conditional Framework—A Technical Note with Cases Review
    Dong Hyun Lee, Sang Yeop Han, Seung Young Jeong, Il-Tae Jang
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(16): 5726.     CrossRef
  • Reply Letter: A Commentary on “Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis”
    Jeong-Yoon Park
    Neurospine.2025; 22(3): 875.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopy vs. unilateral portal endoscopy for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Yongjia Yu, Yuguang An, Chang Liu, Kemin Wang, Wuqiao Liang, Huazhong Gan, Zhaoju Hong, Qingmei Zhang, Maolin He, Daqin Feng
    Frontiers in Surgery.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Commentary on “Comparative Outcomes of Biportal Endoscopic Decompression, Conventional Subtotal Laminectomy, and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Central Stenosis”
    Xiangge Liu
    Neurospine.2025; 22(3): 873.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar fusion and modified minimally invasive tubular lumbar fusion for lumbar disc herniation: a two-year retrospective study
    Jialong Qi, Mingxiang Liu, Tao Shan, Zhou Dong, Guosong Han, Zhihao Ni, Ke Zheng, Li Ma, Zhidong Zhang
    Frontiers in Neurology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 7,874 View
  • 170 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref

Deformity

Application of Transverse Process Hooks at Distal Thoracic Vertebrae in Uppermost Vertebral Instrumentation for Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Special Focus on Delayed-Onset Neurologic Deficits
Sun-Joon Yoo, Hyun-Jun Jang, Bong Ju Moon, Jeong-Yoon Park, Sung Uk Kuh, Dong-Kyu Chin, Keun-Su Kim, Jun Jae Shin, Yoon Ha, Kyung-Hyun Kim
Neurospine 2024;21(4):1219-1229.   Published online December 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448804.402

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Application of Transverse Process Hooks at Distal Thoracic Vertebrae in Uppermost Vertebral Instrumentation for Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Special Focus on Delayed-Onset Neurologic Deficits
Neurospine. 2024;21(4):1219-1229.   Published online December 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448804.402
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Application of Transverse Process Hooks at Distal Thoracic Vertebrae in Uppermost Vertebral Instrumentation for Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Special Focus on Delayed-Onset Neurologic Deficits
Neurospine. 2024;21(4):1219-1229.   Published online December 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448804.402
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Objective
We aimed to investigate the incidence of delayed-onset neurological deficits (DONDs), DOND-related reoperation rates following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery, and efficacy of transverse process hooks (TPHs) at the uppermost instrumented vertebra (UIV) compared to pedicle screws (PSs).
Methods
We included 90 consecutive patients who underwent instrumented fusion from the sacrum to the distal thoracic spine for ASD, with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Clinical and radiological outcomes were compared between 33 patients in the TPH group and 57 patients in the PS group, using the Scoliosis Research Society-22 Outcomes questionnaire (SRS-22), Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and various spinal sagittal parameters.
Results
While absent in the TPH group, myelopathy occurred in 15.8% of the PS group, wherein 15 patients underwent reoperation. The change in the proximal junctional angle, from the pre- to postoperative assessment, was lower in the TPH group than in the PS group (0.2 vs. 6.6, p=0.002). Postoperative facet degeneration in the PS group progressed more significantly than in the TPH group (0.5 vs. 0.1, p=0.002). Surgical outcomes were comparable for both groups, except for the back visual analogue scale (3.5 vs. 4.1, p=0.010) and SRS-22 domains, including pain and satisfaction (3.3 vs. 2.9, p=0.033; 3.7 vs. 3.3, p=0.041). No intergroup difference was observed in SF-36.
Conclusion
Using TPHs at the UIV level can prevent DOND, and thereby prevent postoperative myelopathy that necessitates reoperation; thus, TPHs is preferable over PSs in ASD surgery.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Clinical and radiological outcomes of transverse process hooks versus pedicle screws at the upper instrumented vertebra in adult spinal deformity patients undergoing three-column osteotomy: A retrospective comparative study
    Mohsen Rostami, Sadegh Bagherzadeh, Navid Moghadam, Faramarz Roohollahi, Cesar Carballo Cuello, Jay Kumar, Mark Greenberg, Puya Alikhani
    Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery.2026; 261: 109263.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Hook Fixation and Vertebroplasty for Prevention of Proximal Junctional Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    Sung Tan Cho, Jae Hwan Cho, Dong-Ho Lee, Chang Ju Hwang, Sehan Park, Jin Hwan Kim, Wongthawat Liawrungrueang
    Global Spine Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Neurological Complications in Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis
    Yam Wa Man, Jedidiah Yui Shing Lui, Chor Yin Lam, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Prudence Wing Hang Cheung
    Neurospine.2025; 22(1): 243.     CrossRef
  • 3,706 View
  • 128 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref

Special Issue on AI & Robotics

A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study Comparing 3 Different Spine Pedicle Screw Fixation Methods: Freehand, Fluoroscopy-Guided, and Robot-Assisted Techniques
Yoon Ha Hwang, Byeong-Jin Ha, Hyung Cheol Kim, Byung Ho Lee, Jeong-Yoon Park, Dong-Kyu Chin, Seong Yi
Neurospine 2024;21(1):83-94.   Published online March 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448036.018

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A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study Comparing 3 Different Spine Pedicle Screw Fixation Methods: Freehand, Fluoroscopy-Guided, and Robot-Assisted Techniques
Neurospine. 2024;21(1):83-94.   Published online March 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448036.018
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A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study Comparing 3 Different Spine Pedicle Screw Fixation Methods: Freehand, Fluoroscopy-Guided, and Robot-Assisted Techniques
Neurospine. 2024;21(1):83-94.   Published online March 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448036.018
Close
Objective
This study aimed to compare the accuracy of robotic spine surgery and conventional pedicle screw fixation in lumbar degenerative disease. We evaluated clinical and radiological outcomes to demonstrate the noninferiority of robotic surgery.
Methods
This study employed propensity score matching and included 3 groups: robot-assisted mini-open posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) (robotic surgery, RS), c-arm guided minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (C-arm guidance, CG), and freehand open PLIF (free of guidance, FG) (54 patients each). The mean follow-up period was 2.2 years. The preoperative spine condition was considered. Accuracy was evaluated using the Gertzbein-Robbins scale (GRS score) and Babu classification (Babu score). Radiological outcomes included adjacent segmental disease (ASD) and mechanical failure. Clinical outcomes were assessed based on the visual analogue scale, Oswestry Disability Index, 36-item Short Form health survey, and clinical ASD rate.
Results
Accuracy was higher in the RS group (p < 0.01) than in other groups. The GRS score was lower in the CG group, whereas the Babu score was lower in the FG group compared with the RS group. No significant differences were observed in radiological and clinical outcomes among the 3 groups. Regression analysis identified preoperative facet degeneration, GRS and Babu scores as significant variables for radiological and clinical ASD. Mechanical failure was influenced by the GRS score and patients’ age.
Conclusion
This study showed the superior accuracy of robotic spine surgery compared with conventional techniques. When combined with minimally invasive surgery, robotic surgery is advantageous with reduced ligament and muscle damage associated with traditional open procedures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Biomechanical stability and pedicle screw loosening
    Chenxi Cui, Haisheng Yang
    Journal of Biomechanics.2026; 197: 113174.     CrossRef
  • L-Point Entry, Juxtapedicular, and Endplate-Parallel Trajectory (L-JET) Screw Fixation: A Novel Technique in Thoracic Spinal Tumor Surgery
    Seunghoon Lee, Young Rak Kim, Chang-Hyun Lee, Jungbo Sim, Woojin Kim, Ho Sung Myeong, Hangeul Park, Jun-Hoe Kim, Chi Heon Kim
    Journal of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Technique.2026; 11(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Biomechanical Impact of Cement Augmentation on Pedicle Screw Fixation and Adjacent Segment Disease in Multilevel Lumbar Fusion: A Finite Element Analysis
    Min-Young Jo, Sung-Jae Lee, Je-Hoon An, Young-Hoon Kim, Jun-Seok Lee, Hyung-Youl Park
    Neurospine.2025; 22(3): 763.     CrossRef
  • Robot-Assisted Pedicle Screw Insertion in Pediatric Spine Surgery: An Institutional Experience and Meta-Analysis
    Taha Khalilullah, Abdul Karim Ghaith, Xinlan Yang, Linda Tang, Shaan Bhandarkar, Meghana Bhimreddy, Arjun D. Menta, Daniel Davidar, Andrew Hersh, Carly Weber-Levine, Kelly Jiang, Patrick Kramer, Ritvik Jillala, Maria Jennings, Jawad M. Khalifeh, Tej D. Az
    Operative Neurosurgery.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • From the Editor-in-Chief: Featured Articles in the March 2024 Issue
    Inbo Han
    Neurospine.2024; 21(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Commentary on “A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study Comparing 3 Different Spine Pedicle Screw Fixation Methods: Freehand, Fluoroscopy-Guided, and Robot-Assisted Techniques”
    Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh
    Neurospine.2024; 21(1): 95.     CrossRef
  • 8,968 View
  • 170 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref

Review Article

NASS/Neurospine Endoscopic Spine Surgery Special Issue

The Role and Future of Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review
Hyungjoo Kwon, Jeong-Yoon Park
Neurospine 2023;20(1):43-55.   Published online March 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346236.118

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The Role and Future of Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review
Neurospine. 2023;20(1):43-55.   Published online March 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346236.118
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The Role and Future of Endoscopic Spine Surgery: A Narrative Review
Neurospine. 2023;20(1):43-55.   Published online March 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2346236.118
Close
Many types of surgeries are changing from conventional to minimally invasive techniques. Techniques in spine surgery have also changed, with endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) becoming a major surgical technique. Although ESS has advantages such as less soft tissue dissection and normal structure damage, reduced blood loss, less epidural scarring, reduced hospital stay, and earlier functional recovery, it is not possible to replace all spine surgery techniques with ESS. ESS was first used for discectomy in the lumbar spine, but the range of ESS has expanded to cover the entire spine, including the cervical and thoracic spine. With improvements in ESS instruments (optics, endoscope, endoscopic drill and shaver, irrigation pump, and multiportal endoscopic), limitations of ESS have gradually decreased, and it is possible to apply ESS to more spine pathologies. ESS currently incorporates new technologies, such as navigation, augmented and virtual reality, robotics, and 3-dimentional and ultraresolution visualization, to innovate and improve outcomes. In this article, we review the history and current status of ESS, and discuss future goals and possibilities for ESS through comparisons with conventional surgical techniques.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Adoption of Endoscopic Spine Surgery
    Rohan Vemu, Mohammed S. Abdullah, Sachin Gupta, David Casper, Amrit Khalsa, Bijan Dehghani
    Clinical Spine Surgery.2026; 39(3): E148.     CrossRef
  • Lumbar spinal stenosis: current concept of management
    Ji-Won Kwon, Kyung-Soo Suk, Seong-Hwan Moon, Si-Young Park, Namhoo Kim, Sub-Ri Park, Jae-Won Shin, Hak-Sun Kim, Byung Ho Lee
    Asian Spine Journal.2026; 20(1): 143.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Intraoperative Image-Guided Spinal Navigation Technologies on Endoscopic Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Yu-Che Wang, Hsu-I Chou, Ying-Fong Su, Rafael Garcia de Oliveira, Abhinav K. Sharma, Yang-Ching Chen, Anh Tuan Bui, Ching-Yu Lee, Jowy Tani, Cheng-Chun Chang, Takaki Yoshimizu, Wongthawat Liawrungrueang, Tsung-Jen Huang, Daisuke Sakai, Klaus John Schnake,
    Global Spine Journal.2026; 16(2): 1268.     CrossRef
  • Delta large-channel endoscopy versus unilateral biportal endoscopy for cervicothoracic junction disc herniation: a prospective randomized controlled trial
    Huaibin Wang, Hui Li, Rushuo Wei, Hao Yan, Ruzhan Yao, Weiqiang Liu, Ling Li
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Clinical Outcomes and Future Directions of Endoscopic Cervical Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review With Narrative Insights
    Ryan Wang, Satheeshram Tamilselvan, Ji Soo Ha, Aditya Vedantam, Courtney Rory Goodwin, Nathan Evaniew, Uzondu F. Agochukwu, Konstantinos Margetis, Yoon Ha, Michael Fehlings, Jefferson R. Wilson, Ankit I. Mehta
    Global Spine Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of arthroscopic experience on the learning curve in interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a single-center prospective cohort study of 240 patients
    Tomasz Sienkiel, Marcin Gąska, Przemysław Koszyk, Ewa Lipik, Barbara Jasiewicz
    European Spine Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Anatomical Validation and Technical Feasibility of Biportal Endoscopic Spinal Surgery Including Technical Notes in a Cadaveric Canine Thoracic Intervertebral Disc Disease Model
    Sung-Ho Lee, Ji-Hyun Park, Da-Eun Kim, Gunha Hwang, Chang-Hwan Moon, Dongbin Lee
    Animals.2026; 16(3): 435.     CrossRef
  • The Initial Learning and Supply Cost Curve of Incorporating Interlaminar and Transforaminal Endoscopy at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center
    Mark M Zaki, Edward S Harake, Varun G Kathawate, Michael J Strong, Rushikesh S Joshi, Joseph R Linzey, Yamaan S Saadeh, Osama N Kashlan
    Cureus.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of unilateral biportal endoscopy vs. percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar approach in lumbar disc herniation: A meta‑analysis​
    Yuhao Gao, Fangzheng He, Ji Wen, Shilei Qin, Pengfei Han, Yunfeng Xu
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2026; 31(3): 1.     CrossRef
  • Development of a Deep-Learning Model for Automated Detection and Quantification of Bleeding in Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spine Surgery
    Takaki Yoshimizu, Daisuke Sakai, Daiki Morita, Meng-Huang Wu, Teruaki Miyake, Sanshiro Saito, Tetsutaro Mizuno, Ushio Nosaka, Keisuke Ishii, Mizuki Watanabe, Kanji Sasaki
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(5): 1934.     CrossRef
  • Unilateral biportal endoscopic partial cervical laminectomy and facetectomy: An ex vivo study and case report
    Hojung Bae, Haebeom Lee, Sanghyun Nam, Youngjin Jeon, Jaemin Jeong
    Veterinary Surgery.2026; 55(3): 657.     CrossRef
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Original Articles

Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery SMISS-Neurospine Special Issue

Comparison Between 3-Dimensional-Printed Titanium and Polyetheretherketone Cages: 1-Year Outcome After Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion
Do-Yeon Kim, O-Hyuk Kwon, Jeong-Yoon Park
Neurospine 2022;19(3):524-532.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244140.070

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Comparison Between 3-Dimensional-Printed Titanium and Polyetheretherketone Cages: 1-Year Outcome After Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion
Neurospine. 2022;19(3):524-532.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244140.070
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Comparison Between 3-Dimensional-Printed Titanium and Polyetheretherketone Cages: 1-Year Outcome After Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Interbody Fusion
Neurospine. 2022;19(3):524-532.   Published online September 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2244140.070
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Objective
Three-dimensional (3D)-printed titanium implants have been developed recently, but the utility is not yet proven. The aim of this study was to compare 3D-printed titanium and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants after minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF).
Methods
Between October 2018 and September 2021, we retrospectively analyzed 83 patients who underwent single-level MIS-TLIF (3D-printed titanium, 40; PEEK, 43). Radiologic parameters were assessed with x-ray and computed tomography (CT) at postoperative 1 week, 6 months, and 1 year. Clinical status was evaluated using Oswestry Disability Index, visual analogue scale score, and Bridwell fusion grading was assessed on 6-month and 1-year postoperative CT.
Results
There were no differences between the 2 groups in demographics and clinical outcomes. At 1-year of follow-up, the reported 3D-printed titanium fusion grades were grade I: 77.5% (31 patients), grade II: 17.5% (7 patients), and grade III: 5% (2 patients). The PEEK fusion grades were grade I: 51.2% (22 patients), grade II: 41.9% (18 patients), and grade III: 7.0% (3 patients). For overall fusion rate (grade I + II), there was no difference between the 2 cages (95.0% vs. 93.0%, p = 0.705), but grade I was reported at a higher incidence in 3D-printed titanium than PEEK (77.5% vs. 51.2%, p = 0.013). There was no difference between cages based on subsidence and complications.
Conclusion
There were no significant differences in the overall fusion rate for MIS-TLIF surgery between 3D-printed titanium and PEEK, but the fusion grade was better in 3D-printed titanium than in PEEK. Long-term follow-up is required to verify the effectiveness.

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    Ki-Han You, Samuel K. Cho, Jae-Yeun Hwang, Sun-Ho Cha, Min-Seok Kang, Sang-Min Park, Hyun-Jin Park
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    Cheol Woong Park, A. Muhammed Anzar, Beom Seok Yoo, Jae Eon Yoon, Jae Hyun Kim, Woo Min Park
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Which Is More Predictive Value for Mechanical Complications: Fixed Thoracolumbar Alignment (T1 Pelvic Angle) Versus Dynamic Global Balance Parameter (Odontoid-Hip Axis Angle)
Kwang-Ryeol Kim, Jean-Charles Le Huec, Hyun-Jun Jang, Sung-Hyun Noh, Jeong-Yoon Park, Yoon Ha, Sung-Uk Kuh, Dong-Kyu Chin, Keun-Su Kim, Byung-Ho Jin, Yong-Eun Cho, Kyung-Hyun Kim
Neurospine 2021;18(3):597-607.   Published online September 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2142452.226

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Which Is More Predictive Value for Mechanical Complications: Fixed Thoracolumbar Alignment (T1 Pelvic Angle) Versus Dynamic Global Balance Parameter (Odontoid-Hip Axis Angle)
Neurospine. 2021;18(3):597-607.   Published online September 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2142452.226
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Which Is More Predictive Value for Mechanical Complications: Fixed Thoracolumbar Alignment (T1 Pelvic Angle) Versus Dynamic Global Balance Parameter (Odontoid-Hip Axis Angle)
Neurospine. 2021;18(3):597-607.   Published online September 30, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2142452.226
Close
Objective
In this study, we investigate about relationship between postoperative global sagittal imbalance and occurrence of mechanical complications after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. In global sagittal balance parameters, odontoid-hip axis (OD-HA) angle and T1 pelvic angle (TPA) were analyzed.
Methods
Between January 2009 and December 2016, 199 consecutive patients (26 males and 173 females) with ASD underwent corrective fusion of more than 4 levels and were followed up for more than 2 years. Immediate postoperative and postoperative 2 years whole spine x-rays were checked for evaluating immediate postoperative OD-HA, TPA, and other parameters. In clinical outcomes, back and leg pain visual analogue scale, Scoliosis Research Society-22 spinal deformity questionnaire (SRS-22), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 36- item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were evaluated.
Results
Based on the occurrence of mechanical complications, a comparative analysis was performed for each parameter. In univariable analysis, mechanical complications were significantly much more occurred in OD-HA abnormal group (odds ratio [OR], 3.296; p < 0.001; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.645). In multivariable analysis, the result was much more related (OR, 2.924; p = 0.001; AUC = 0.727). In contrast, there was no significant difference between normal and the occurrence of mechanical complications in TPA. In clinical outcomes (normal vs. abnormal), the differences of SRS-22 (0.88 ± 0.73 vs. 0.68 ± 0.64, p = 0.042), ODI (-24.72 ± 20.16 vs. -19.01 ± 19.95, p = 0.046), SF-36 physical composite score (19.33 ± 18.55 vs. 12.90 ± 16.73, p = 0.011) were significantly improved in OD-HA normal group.
Conclusion
The goal of ASD surgery is to improve patient life quality through correction. In our study, TPA was associated with spinopelvic parameter and OD-HA angle was associated with health-related quality of life and complications. OD-HA angle is predictable factor for mechanical complications after ASD surgery.

Citations

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  • Investigation of spinopelvic sagittal alignment and its correlations in asymptomatic pediatric populations
    Hao Qi, ZengHui Zhao, Feiyu Zu, Chenchen Wang, Chenxi Wang, Zuzhuo Zhang, Jianhua Ren, Rui Xue, Zhaoxuan Wang, Zhiyong Hou, Wei Chen, Di Zhang
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • C7 pelvic angle: a useful parameter for spinopelvic alignment evaluation in Lenke 1 and 2 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
    Zhenning Cai, Xiaodong Qin, Saihu Mao, Zhen Liu, Bo Shi, Zezhang Zhu, Yong Qiu, Benlong Shi
    European Spine Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Spinal axial torque assessment after surgical correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a new approach to 3D barycentremetry and mass distribution based on biplanar radiographs
    Tristan Langlais, Wafa Skalli, Xavier du Cluzel, Nicolas Mainard, Samuel George, Laurent Gajny, Raphael Vialle, Jean Dubousset, Claudio Vergari
    Spine Deformity.2024; 12(3): 689.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of malalignment at early stage in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a longitudinal cohort study
    Tristan Langlais, Claudio Vergari, Gregoire Rougereau, Mathilde Gaume, Laurent Gajny, Kariman Abelin-Genevois, Jean Claude Bernard, Zongshan Hu, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Winnie Chiu Wing Chu, Ayman Assi, Mohamad Karam, Ismat Ghanem, Tito Bassani, Fabio Galbus
    European Spine Journal.2024; 33(4): 1665.     CrossRef
  • Narrative Review of Clinical Impact of Head-Hip Offset Following Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery
    Sunho Kim, Seung-Jae Hyun, Jae-Koo Lee, Ki-Jeong Kim
    Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.2024; 67(2): 137.     CrossRef
  • Preoperative Malnutrition-Associated Spinal Malalignment with Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A 2-Year Follow-Up Study
    Jili Wang, Shin Oe, Yu Yamato, Tomohiko Hasegawa, Go Yoshida, Tomohiro Banno, Hideyuki Arima, Yuki Mihara, Koichiro Ide, Yuh Watanabe, Keiichi Nakai, Kenta Kurosu, Yukihiro Matsuyama
    Spine Surgery and Related Research.2023; 7(1): 74.     CrossRef
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    Woon Tak Yuh, Junghoon Han, Chang-Hyun Lee, Chi Heon Kim, Hyun-Seung Kang, Chun Kee Chung
    Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.2023; 66(4): 438.     CrossRef
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    Yanting Liu, Siravich Suvithayasiri, Jin-Sung Kim
    Neurospine.2023; 20(3): 997.     CrossRef
  • L1-pelvic angle: a convenient measurement to attain optimal deformity correction
    Hani Chanbour, William Hunter Waddell, Justin Vickery, Matthew E. LaBarge, Andrew J. Croft, Michael Longo, Steven G. Roth, Jeffrey M. Hills, Amir M. Abtahi, Scott L. Zuckerman, Byron F. Stephens
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    Jae-Koo Lee, Seung-Jae Hyun, Ki-Jeong Kim
    Asian Spine Journal.2022; 16(6): 958.     CrossRef
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    Jae-Koo Lee, Seung-Jae Hyun, Seung Heon Yang, Ki-Jeong Kim
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    Jae-Koo Lee, Jong Hwa Park, Seung-Jae Hyun, Daniel Hodel, Oliver N. Hausmann
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Influence of Frailty on Life Expectancy in Octogenarians After Lumbar Spine Surgery
Hyun-Jun Jang, Dong-Kyu Chin, Jeong-Yoon Park, Sung-Uk Kuh, Keun-Su Kim, Yong-Eun Cho, Kyung-Hyun Kim
Neurospine 2021;18(2):303-310.   Published online January 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2040688.344

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Influence of Frailty on Life Expectancy in Octogenarians After Lumbar Spine Surgery
Neurospine. 2021;18(2):303-310.   Published online January 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2040688.344
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Influence of Frailty on Life Expectancy in Octogenarians After Lumbar Spine Surgery
Neurospine. 2021;18(2):303-310.   Published online January 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2040688.344
Close
Objective
Many studies have reported positive surgical outcomes and decreased mortality after spine surgery in the elderly population, including patients between 85 and 90 years of age. Here, in addition to patient age, we investigated the influence of frailty on short and long-term mortality in octogenarians after lumbar surgery.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 162 patients over 80 years of age who underwent posterior lumbar fusion or decompressive laminectomy between January 2011 and September 2016. We examined patient survival and modified frailty index (mFI) from medical records.
Results
By October 2019, 29 of 162 patients had expired (follow-up period: 1–105 months). Three-month mortality was 1.9%, and 1-year mortality was 4.9%. Frailty did not affect long-term survival at 1 year but was associated with 3-month mortality (p = 0.024).
Conclusion
There was no relationship in long-term survival according to frailty in patients 80 years of age or older, but a difference was identified in short-term mortality. When making a surgical decision for lumbar spine surgery in frail patients over 80 years of age, surgeons should pay attention to the short-term prognosis.

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    Jongpil Eun, Youngmin Oh
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    Raquel Gutiérrez-González, Marta Macarrón, Ana Royuela, Alberto Vallejo-Plaza, Alvaro Zamarron
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    Seong Son, Byung Rhae Yoo, Hee Jeong Kim, Sung Kyu Song, Yong Ahn
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    Sang Hoon Hwang, Pyung Goo Cho, Kyoung-Tae Kim, Keung Nyun Kim, Sang Hyun Kim, Sung Hyun Noh
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    Matthew Conlon, Rachel Thommen, Syed Faraz Kazim, Alis J. Dicpinigaitis, Meic H. Schmidt, Rohini G. McKee, Christian A. Bowers
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    Dal-Sung Ryu, Seung-Hwan Yoon
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    Dong Uk Kim, Hyung Ki Park, Gyeoung Hae Lee, Jae Chil Chang, Hye Ran Park, Sukh Que Park, Sung Jin Cho
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Case Report: Technical Note

The Technical Feasibility of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression for The Unpredicted Complication Following Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Case Report
Kwang-Ryeol Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park
Neurospine 2020;17(Suppl 1):S154-S159.   Published online July 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2040174.087

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The Technical Feasibility of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression for The Unpredicted Complication Following Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Case Report
Neurospine. 2020;17(Suppl 1):S154-S159.   Published online July 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2040174.087
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The Technical Feasibility of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression for The Unpredicted Complication Following Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Case Report
Neurospine. 2020;17(Suppl 1):S154-S159.   Published online July 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/ns.2040174.087
Close
Minimally invasive techniques for transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) are advantageous because they allow for sufficient surgical exposure and fewer complications through a smaller incision than conventional TLIF. It could be difficult to maintain minimally invasive spine surgery following the unexpected complications after MIS-TLIF. Because MIS-TLIF is usually done via a paramedian small incision with posterior fusion using screws and rods, visualization of the surgical field is limited, and it is difficult to directly assess the neural structure without removing instrumentation. Unilateral biportal endoscopic decompression (UBE) is a rapidly growing surgical method using two 1-cm incisions that are 2 to 3 cm apart. We would like to suggest UBE as an option for immediate reoperation after MIS-TLIF because it has the advantages of targeting pathologic regions and a wide field of visualization through small wounds. The operation is independent of the existing incision from MIS-TLIF, enabling immediate revision surgery without the removal of the screws and rods. UBE has the advantages of targeting specific surgical regions and providing a wide visualization of the operation field through small incisions. UBE can be very useful for discectomy or decompression surgery as well as in immediate reoperation after MIS-TLIF.

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    Global Spine Journal.2026; 16(1): 707.     CrossRef
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    Qing-Lin Luo, Xiao-Xing Wang, Xin-Zhi Li, Wei Huang, Bo Li
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    Orthopaedic Surgery.2023; 15(1): 3.     CrossRef
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    Jae-Young So, Jeong-Yoon Park
    Journal of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Technique.2023; 8(Suppl 1): S29.     CrossRef
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    Medicine.2023; 102(40): e35466.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Technique.2023; 8(2): 145.     CrossRef
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Clinical Article

A Surgical Method for Determining Proper Screw Length in ACDF
Hae-Gi Park, Moo-Sung Kang, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park, Keun-Su Kim, Sung-Uk Kuh
Korean J Spine 2014;11(3):117-120.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2014.11.3.117

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A Surgical Method for Determining Proper Screw Length in ACDF
Korean J Spine. 2014;11(3):117-120.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2014.11.3.117
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A Surgical Method for Determining Proper Screw Length in ACDF
Korean J Spine. 2014;11(3):117-120.   Published online September 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2014.11.3.117
Close
Objective

We describe a surgical tool that uses the distractor pin as a reference for determining proper screw length in ACDF. It is critical that screw purchase depth be as deep as possible without violating or penetrating the posterior cortical wall, which ensures strong pull out strength.

Methods

We enrolled 81 adult patients who underwent ACDF using an anterior cervical plate from 2010 to 2012. Patients were categorized into Groups A (42 patients: retractor pin used as a reference for screw length) and B (39 patients: control group). Intraoperative lateral x-rays were taken after screwing the retractor pin to confirm the approaching vertebral level. The ratio of retractor pin length to body anteroposterior (A-P) diameter was measured as a reference. Proper screw length was determined by comparison to the reference.

Results

The average distance from screw tip to posterior wall was 3.0±1.4mm in Group A and 4.1±2.3mm in Group B. The ratio of screw length to body sagittal diameter was 86.2±5.7% in Group A and 80.8±9.0% in Group B. Screw length to body sagittal diameter ratios higher than 4/5 occurred in 33 patients (90%) in Group A and 23 patients (59%) in Group B. No cases violated the posterior cortical wall.

Conclusion

We introduce a useful surgical method for determining proper screw length in ACDF using the ratio of retractor pin length to body A-P diameter as a reference. This method allows for deeper screw purchase depth without violation of the posterior cortical wall.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Biomechanical comparison of the angle of inserted screws and the length of anterior cervical plate systems with allograft spacers
    Ji-Won Kwon, Sun-Hee Bang, Young-Woo Kwon, Jae-Yong Cho, Tae-Hyun Park, Sung-Jae Lee, Hwan-Mo Lee, Seong-Hwan Moon, Byung Ho Lee
    Clinical Biomechanics.2020; 76: 105021.     CrossRef
  • 9,434 View
  • 84 Download
  • 1 Crossref

Laboratory Investigation

A Novel Blasted and Grooved Low Profile Pedicle Screw Able to Resist High Compression Bending Loads
Sung-Uk Kuh, Young-Sung Kim, Hong-June Choi, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Jeong-Yoon Park, Hyun-Yong Jeong, Dong-Kyu Chin, Keun-Su Kim, Young-Sul Yoon, Yoon-Chul Lee, Yong-Eun Cho
Korean J Spine 2012;9(2):61-65.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2012.9.2.61

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A Novel Blasted and Grooved Low Profile Pedicle Screw Able to Resist High Compression Bending Loads
Korean J Spine. 2012;9(2):61-65.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2012.9.2.61
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A Novel Blasted and Grooved Low Profile Pedicle Screw Able to Resist High Compression Bending Loads
Korean J Spine. 2012;9(2):61-65.   Published online June 30, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14245/kjs.2012.9.2.61
Close
Objective

Polyaxial pedicle screws are a safe, useful adjunct to transpedicular fixation. However, the large screw head size can cause soft tissue irritation, high rod positioning, and facet joint injury. However, the mechanical resistance provided by small and low profile pedicle screws is very limited. We therefore developed a novel, low profile pedicle screw using grooving and blasting treatment that is able to resist a high compression bending load.

Methods

We evaluated the compression bending force to displacement and yield loads for seven different screw head types that differed with regard to their groove intervals and whether or not they had been blasted.

Results

The rank order of screw types that had the greatest compression bending force to displacement was as follows: (1) universal polyaxial, (2) low polyaxial with 0.1mm grooves and blasting, (3) low polyaxial with blasting, (4) low polyaxial with 0.15mm grooves and blasting, (5) low polyaxial with 0.05mm grooves and blasting, (6) low polyaxial with 0.05mm grooves, (7) and low polyaxial. Low polyaxial screws with 0.1mm grooves and blasting had the maximum yield load and highest compression bending force to displacement of all seven polyaxial screw head systems evaluated.

Conclusion

Blasting and grooving treatment of pedicle screw heads resulted in screw heads with a high yield load and compression bending force relative to displacement because of increased friction. Low polyaxial pedicle screws with 0.1 mm grooves treated by blasting have mechanical characteristics similar to those of universal polyaxial pedicle screws.

Citations

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  • Biomechanical analysis of spinal pedicle screws under static compression and tensile bending
    Amit Nemade, Azim Shikalgar, Saurebh Sancheti, Swapnil P. Wadkar
    Materials Today: Proceedings.2021; 47: 4778.     CrossRef
  • 10,947 View
  • 117 Download
  • 1 Crossref
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