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"Salman Sharif"

Introduction

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Introduction to Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):651-653.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Introduction to Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):651-653.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Pelvic fractures and thoracolumbar spine injury: A critical overlook in high-impact vehicular trauma management
    Zachary A. Mohs, Nathaniel Albrecht, Anthony J. Duncan, Li Cao, Mentor Ahmeti
    Injury.2025; 56(2): 112050.     CrossRef
  • Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies
    Óscar L. Alves, Mehmet Zileli, Salman Sharif, Ricardo Botelho
    Spine.2025; 50(11): 730.     CrossRef
  • The validity of posterior approach in thoracolumbar spine fracture surgery: A study of 104 cases with literature review
    Ghassen Elkahla, Amine Trifa, Mehdi Darmoul
    Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine.2025; 16(2): 212.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of load distribution after transpedicular stabilization of burst fractures in the thoracolumbar junction
    O.S. Nekhlopochyn, V.V. Verbov, Ie.V. Cheshuk, M.Yu. Karpinsky, O.V. Yaresko
    TRAUMA.2024; 25(1-2): 35.     CrossRef
  • BIOMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THORACOLUMBAR JUNCTION UNDER ROTATIONAL LOADING AFTER DECOMPRESSION-STABILIZATION SURGERY
    O. S. Nekhlopochyn, V. V. Verbov, I. V. Cheshuk, M. Yu. Karpinsky, O. V. Yaresko
    Bulletin of Problems Biology and Medicine.2023; 1(3): 233.     CrossRef
  • Exploring perspectives and adherence to guidelines for adult spinal trauma in low and middle-income healthcare economies: A survey on barriers and possible solutions (part I)
    Nicolò Marchesini, Andreas K. Demetriades, Oscar L. Alves, Francesco Sala, Andrés M. Rubiano
    Brain and Spine.2022; 2: 100932.     CrossRef
  • 8,657 View
  • 216 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref

Review Articles

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Clinical and Radiological Factors Affecting Thoracolumbar Fractures Outcome: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):693-703.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Clinical and Radiological Factors Affecting Thoracolumbar Fractures Outcome: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):693-703.   Published online December 31, 2021
Close
To obtain a list of recommendations about clinical and radiological factors affecting outcome in thoraco-lumbar fractures with the aim of helping spine surgeons in daily practice. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar database was done from 2010 to 2020 on the topic “thoracolumbar fracture AND radiology AND surgical outcomes” and “thoracolumbar fracture AND radiology AND surgical outcomes.” A total of 58 papers were analyzed and WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies) Spine Committee organized 2 consensus meetings to formulate the specific recommendations the first in Peshawar in December 2019 and in a subsequent virtual meeting in June 2020 to reach an agreement. Both meetings utilized the Delphi method to analyze preliminary literature review statements based on the current evidence levels to generate recommendations through a comprehensive voting session. Eight statements were presented and reached the consensus about this topic. A variety of clinical factors is known to influence outcome of patients with thoracolumbar fractures. Some of these are well-known established factors such as blood pressure augmentation and patient age, while some are not well studied. Overall, the quality of evidence is low and we need more randomized controlled studies to validate our results. Similarly, radiological factors that can predict outcome are well stated and there is a high accordance worldwide. In reverse, still under debate is the application to choose which surgical treatment is advisable based on them.

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Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Inkomplette Berstungsfrakturen der thorakolumbalen Wirbelsäule
    Alexander Wengert, Philipp Schleicher, Andreas Pingel, Jonathan Neuhoff, Frank Kandziora
    Die Wirbelsäule.2026; 10(02): 107.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for failure in short segment pedicle instrumentation in thoracolumbar fractures
    Ana Vilela, Bibiana Couto, David Ferreira, António Cruz, Joana Azevedo, João Pereira, André Santos-Moreira, Nuno Oliveira, Paulo Gil Ribeiro, Pedro Varanda, Direito-Santos Bruno
    Brain and Spine.2025; 5: 104266.     CrossRef
  • Risk Factors of Correction Loss After Percutaneous Reduction and Fixation for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture: A One-Year Follow-Up Study
    Masato Tanaka, Aditya Thakur, Muhamad A Rahman, Akshay Fuse, Shinya Arataki, Tadashi Komatsubara, Akiyoshi Miyamoto, Masakazu Nagamatsu, Tomoyoshi Sakaguchi
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Predictors of failure in posterior short segment instrumentation for thoracolumbar burst fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Parisa Javadnia, Yousef Ramazani, Mehdi Moradinazar, Nila Salimi, Soroush Moradi, Ehsan Alimohammadi
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Fixation of Chance fractures with cement-augmented pedicle screws reduces the risk of screw pullout in older patients: A retrospective comparative study
    Yi-Hsiang Liao, Chang-Hao Lin, Yi-Hung Huang, Cheng-Yi Wu, Chen-Hao Chiang, Lin-Yu Chao
    Medicine.2025; 104(40): e44987.     CrossRef
  • Long-term implant-related complications following anterior-only stabilization of thoracolumbar junction injuries: a radiological and clinical analysis
    Oleksii S. Nekhlopochyn, Muhammad Jehanzeb, Vadim V. Verbov
    Ukrainian Neurosurgical Journal.2025; 31(3): 45.     CrossRef
  • Verletzungen der thorakolumbalen Wirbelsäule: Konservative und operative Therapie
    Alexander Wengert, Philipp Schleicher, Andreas Pingel, Jonathan Neuhoff, Frank Kandziora
    Die Wirbelsäule.2024; 08(02): 99.     CrossRef
  • Twenty year outcomes following short-segment posterior instrumentation and fusion for thoracolumbar burst fractures: A retrospective observational study
    Yigit Kultur, İlker Sarikaya, Mahmut Kursat Ozsahin, Cumhur Deniz Davulcu, Onder Aydingoz
    Medicine.2024; 103(46): e40579.     CrossRef
  • Secondary damage management of acute traumatic spinal cord injury in low and middle-income countries: A survey on a global scale (Part III)
    Nicolò Marchesini, Andrés M. Rubiano, Francesco Sala, Andreas K. Demetriades, Oscar L. Alves
    Brain and Spine.2022; 2: 101694.     CrossRef
  • 12,701 View
  • 210 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref

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Incidence and Epidemiology of Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):704-712.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Incidence and Epidemiology of Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):704-712.   Published online December 31, 2021
Close
This review aims to search the epidemiology and incidence rates of thoracolumbar spine fractures. A systematic review of the literature of the last 10 years gave 586 results with “incidence,” and 387 results with “epidemiology,” of which 39 papers were analyzed. The review results were discussed and voted in 2 consensus meetings of the WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies) Spine Committee. Out of 39 studies, 15 studies have focused on thoracolumbar trauma, remaining 24 studies have looked at all spine trauma. Most were retrospective in nature; few were prospective and multicenter. Some studies have focused on specific injuries. The annual incidence of TL fractures is about 30/100,000 inhabitants including osteoporotic fractures. There is a trend to increase the fractures in elderly population especially in developed countries, while an increase of motor vehicle accidents in developing countries. The mortality rate among male elderly patients is relatively high. The incidence of thoracolumbar spine fractures is increasing because of low-velocity falls in the elderly population. The main reasons are falls and traffic accidents. Learning the regional differences and some special forms of trauma such as extreme sports, war, and gunshot injuries will help the prevention of the thoracolumbar spine fractures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Return to duty after non-surgical treatment of a non-neurological thoracic or lumbar spine fracture in French military patients: a retrospective analysis of 54 patients
    J-B Lines, P J Cungi, C Da Silva, L Aigle, A Dagain, C Joubert
    BMJ Military Health.2026; 172(3): 225.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and Safety of Chemical Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Spine Trauma Patients
    Sapan D. Gandhi, Sarthak Mohanty, Hanna von Riegen, Michael Akodu, Elizabeth Oginni, Diana Yeritsyan, Kaveh Momenzadeh, Anne Fladger, Mario Keko, Michael McTague, Ara Nazarian, Andrew P. White, Jason L. Pittman
    Clinical Spine Surgery.2026; 39(1): 31.     CrossRef
  • An Analysis of the Burden of Spinal Cord Injury Differences Between Global Epidemiology and Trends to America, China and India
    Yongcun Wei, Anwu Xuan, Yi Lian, Zening Wang, Yanchun Xie, Hailong Yu
    Global Spine Journal.2026; 16(2): 1021.     CrossRef
  • Early surgical stabilization reduces perioperative complications in older adults with thoracolumbar fractures from high-energy trauma: a propensity score–matched analysis
    Tomoaki Shimizu, Keita Nakayama, Shun Okuwaki, Takahiro Sunami, Koki Aizawa, Yusuke Eda, Reo Asai, Kei Onishi, Mai Inomoto, Yosuke Takeuchi, Ikuo Aita
    European Spine Journal.2026; 35(5): 2594.     CrossRef
  • Clinical observation on the effect of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation assisted by 2D computer navigation in the treatment of thoracic spine fractures
    Yongfa Zhang, Qi Fang, Qi Li, Hao Lin, Weiqiang Wu, Tie Ke
    European Spine Journal.2026; 35(2): 978.     CrossRef
  • Management of Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Spine―A Narrative Review
    Sven Y. Vetter, Andreas Badke, Sandra Buchmann, Stefan Hauck, Peter Heumann, Frank Kandziora, Philipp Kobbe, Sebastian Krüger, Christiane Kruppa, Bernhard W. Ullrich, Philipp Schleicher
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(3): 1008.     CrossRef
  • From Open to MIS, evolving practice for posterior approaches in high-energy thoracolumbar vertebral fractures: a retrospective cohort study
    Simone Grannò, Barbara Vukic, Francesca Brigatti, Eva Cochard, Adrien May, Granit Molliqaj, Nicolas Lauper, Dennis E. Dominguez, Karl Schaller, Enrico Tessitore
    Brain and Spine.2026; 6: 106002.     CrossRef
  • Application of a posture-sensing method combined with blind guidewire probing in percutaneous pedicle screw placement for single-level thoracolumbar compression fractures: a retrospective comparative study
    Xin Xu, Fuxin Wang, Kun Wang, Ang Li, Junlin Han, Ruoxian Song, Zheng Zhang
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development and validation of a multilevel scale for quantitative assessment of mechanical exposure in traumatic spinal injuries
    Oleksii S. Nekhlopochyn, Vadym V. Verbov, Ievgen V. Cheshuk, Milan V. Vorodi
    Ukrainian Neurosurgical Journal.2026; 32(1): 69.     CrossRef
  • Acute thoracolumbar burst fractures (AO types A3/A4) with and without concomitant posterior ligamentous complex injury: treatment outcomes in surgically and nonsurgically managed patients. A multi-center prospective study
    Jose A. Canseco, Maximilian Reinhold, Jonathan Dalton, Charlotte Dandurand, Cumhur F. Öner, Marcel Dvorak, Jin Wee Tee, Mohammad El-Sharkawi, Alexander R. Vaccaro, Eugen Cezar Popescu, Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Lorin M. Benneker, Richard J. Bransford, A
    European Spine Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Modified Spinous Process–Splitting Approach for Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures With Neurological Deficits: Technical Description and Preliminary Clinical Outcomes
    Kaixuan Chen, Yizhong Ma, Zihui Yang, Hongfeng Ruan, Guanyi Liu
    Orthopaedic Surgery.2026; 18(5): 1085.     CrossRef
  • Clinico radiological outcomes of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures: insights from a regional Indian cohort
    Aniket Bandyopadhyay, Lakshmeesha Thammegowda
    International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics.2026; 12(3): 711.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Intermediate Screws in the Bone-Screw-Rod Construct for A1 Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Junction
    O.S. Nekhlopochyn, V.V. Verbov, Ye.V. Cheshuk, M.Yu. Karpinskyi, O.V. Yaresko
    TERRA ORTHOPAEDICA.2026; (1(128)): 30.     CrossRef
  • Operative versus Conservative Management of AO Spine A3 and A4 Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures: A Systematic Review of Outcomes, Risk Factors, and Anatomical Level
    Maximilian Weber, Jan Hockmann, Tamara Babasiz, Peer Eysel, Lars Peter Müller, Sebastian Wegmann
    World Neurosurgery.2026; 210: 124995.     CrossRef
  • The Role of Intermediate Screws in the Bone-Screw-Rod Construct for A1 Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Junction
    O.S. Nekhlopochyn, V.V. Verbov, Ye.V. Cheshuk, M.Yu. Karpinskyi, O.V. Yaresko
    TERRA ORTHOPAEDICA.2026; (1(128)): 30.     CrossRef
  • Delay in Surgical Fixation of Operatively Treated Thoracolumbar Fractures in the Elderly Associated With Minimal Increase in Short-Term Complications
    Alexander Upfill-Brown, Thomas Olson, Timothy J Florence, David P Foley, William L Sheppard
    Global Spine Journal.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Correlation between anxiety, depression, and social stress in young patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures
    Bo Wang, Da Shi, Yin-Di Sun, Bo Dong
    World Journal of Psychiatry.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Integration of advanced imaging and surgical navigation in the treatment of unstable thoracolumbar spine fractures: a systematic review of functional, neurological and postoperative outcomes
    Mateo D. Fabara-Vera, Carlos M. Carrasco, Mayra A. A. Vargas, Jesús J. Sánchez, Rafael D. V. Gonzalez, Sebastián B. Barreto, Pedro P. P. Camarena, Juan F. C. Pastrana
    International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparative Analysis of Three Vertebral Screw Placement Directions in Anterior Thoracolumbar Fracture Surgery: A Finite Element Study
    Xuehai Jia, Yanjun Xie, Yi Yang, Yi Deng, Kerui Zhang, Changyong Shen, Ya Li, Litai Ma
    Orthopaedic Surgery.2025; 17(5): 1464.     CrossRef
  • Percutaneous Treatment of Traumatic A3 Burst Fractures of the Thoracolumbar Junction Without Neurological Impairment: The Role of Timing and Characteristics of Fragment Blocks on Ligamentotaxis Efficiency
    Mario De Robertis, Leonardo Anselmi, Ali Baram, Maria Pia Tropeano, Emanuela Morenghi, Daniele Ajello, Giorgio Cracchiolo, Gabriele Capo, Massimo Tomei, Alessandro Ortolina, Maurizio Fornari, Carlo Brembilla
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(8): 2772.     CrossRef
  • Evaluating the Role of Intermediate Screws in the Early Healing of Traumatic Thoracolumbar Fractures Managed by Short-Segment Fixation
    Ritesh Runu, Santosh Kumar, Vaibhav Sanchay, Nishant Kashyap, Abhijeet Subhash
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Is Frailty Discouraging Surgeons From Performing Thoracolumbar Fusion?
    Benjamin M. Linden, Abbygale M. Willging, Masoom Chainani, Kelsey Koch, Colette Galet, Patrick W. McGonagill
    Spine.2025; 50(9): 604.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for failure in short segment pedicle instrumentation in thoracolumbar fractures
    Ana Vilela, Bibiana Couto, David Ferreira, António Cruz, Joana Azevedo, João Pereira, André Santos-Moreira, Nuno Oliveira, Paulo Gil Ribeiro, Pedro Varanda, Direito-Santos Bruno
    Brain and Spine.2025; 5: 104266.     CrossRef
  • Early Return to Play Following Conservative Treatment of a Lumbar Flexion-Distraction Injury in a Professional Soccer Player: A Case Report
    Ryota Kimura, Yuichi Ono, Naohisa Miyakoshi
    Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Posterior Fixation and Fusion (PFF) versus Combined Anterior and Posterior Fixation and Fusion (CAPFF) for type B and C thoracolumbar spine injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Vincent L. Mkochi, Hari Sharma, Alexis G. Gonzalez, Jonathan F. Gong, Matthew Cheah, Suhasini Gupta, Andrew Haggarty, Hao-Hua Wu
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Diagnostic accuracy of plain films in detection of thoracolumbar fractures in minor trauma patients: comparison with CT
    Marlena Bereźniak, Krzysztof Piłat, Jan Niwiński, Jan Świątkowski, Marta Byrdy-Daca, Paweł Łęgosz, Marek Gołębiowski, Piotr Palczewski
    Polish Journal of Radiology.2025; 90: 260.     CrossRef
  • Lesiones en columna provocadas por heridas de arma de fuego. Una revisión actualizada
    José María Jiménez Ávila, Seung Hyun Jeong, Patricia Anaid Romero García, Jonathan Toscano Vázquez, Mario Santillán Domínguez
    Cirugía de Columna.2025; 3(3): 197.     CrossRef
  • EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF TRAUMATIC SPINAL FRACTURES
    MáRCIO PAPALEO DE SOUZA, VICTOR CéSAR GAVA VICENTI, VICTOR HUGO JACQUES VIEIRA, JULIANA ROBERTA NEMETZ DE OLIVEIRA
    Coluna/Columna.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors that influence long term instrumentation stability in patients with unstable thoracolumbar injuries
    Andrey E Bokov, Svetlana Y Kalinina, Daria A Kulagina, Kseniia S Lopyrina, Vladimir V Klinshov, Anatolii A Bulkin
    World Journal of Orthopedics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Quang Anh Dao, Van Son Nguyen, Van Quang Dang, Phuong Chinh Tran, Dinh Thanh Son Le
    BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Spectrum of Nonadjacent Vertebral Fractures: Misdiagnosis and Management Strategy
    Armin Jahangiri Babadi, Pooyan Alizadeh, Sina Rahmani, Masoud Zeinali, Arash Kiani, Hossein Jafari Marandi
    Journal of Preventive, Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies in Medicine.2025; 4(3): 233.     CrossRef
  • GALLBLADDER DYSFUNCTION AFTER COMPLICATED THORACOLUMBAR SPINE INJURY
    V. A. Kolesnichenko, H. M. Herasymov, R. M. Hrynov, L. M. Dushyk, Y. B. Zakharchenko, N. V. Cherkova
    Bulletin of Problems Biology and Medicine.2025; 1(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • The effect of 3D printing integrated with problem-based learning on AGP training for thoracolumbar fractures: a randomised controlled trial
    Dingyuan Jiang, Kui Duan, Zhigang Li, Xueming Chen, Nani Li
    BMC Medical Education.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Low-energy vertebral fractures requiring a fusion in the elderly associate higher mortality than high-energy injuries
    Raquel Gutiérrez-González, Andrea Barbero, Alvaro Zamarron, Alberto Vallejo-Plaza, Ana Royuela
    Brain and Spine.2025; 5: 105861.     CrossRef
  • The Effectiveness of Physiotherapy Intervention on Pain, Function, and Quality of Life in People with Thoracic Spine Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Tracy Titchener, Loïc Treffel, Swetha Kolluru, Stacey Cottle, Kesava Kovanur Sampath
    SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological investigations on traumatic spinal injuries and related factors in Kashan City from 2017 to 2022
    Esmaeil Fakharian, Mojtaba Sehat, Mohammad Reza Fazel, KHadijeh Kalanfarmanfarma, Mehrdad Mahdian, Faezeh Asgari, Fahimeh Sarbandi, Soudabeh Yarmohammadi
    Payesh (Health Monitor) Journal.2025; 24(6): 849.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of Early Spinal Fixation for Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: A Quasi-Experimental Study
    Santi Sirirattanapan
    Journal of Southeast Asian Orthopaedics.2025; 50(1): 78.     CrossRef
  • Multi-institutional review of characteristics and management of gunshot wounds to the spine
    Gabrielle Santangelo, Connor Wathen, Thomas Pieters, Derek D. George, Logan Worley, Dominick Macaluso, Mert Marcel Dagli, Sandra Catanzaro, Ben Gu, William C. Welch, Dmitry Petrov, G. Edward Vates, Ali K. Ozturk, James Schuster, Jonathan J. Stone
    The Spine Journal.2024; 24(9): 1553.     CrossRef
  • Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Spinal Injury: A Narrative Review of Algorithms in Diagnosis and Prognosis
    Satoshi Maki, Takeo Furuya, Masahiro Inoue, Yasuhiro Shiga, Kazuhide Inage, Yawara Eguchi, Sumihisa Orita, Seiji Ohtori
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(3): 705.     CrossRef
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    Chun-Hao Lin, Jeffrey Wu, Ting-Shuo Hsu, Yueh-Ying Hsieh, Chang-Jung Chiang, Chia-Hsien Chen
    Journal of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Technique.2024; 9(Suppl 1): S34.     CrossRef
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    Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine.2024; 17(4): 83.     CrossRef
  • Expert Opinion, Real-World Classification, and Decision-Making in Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures Without Neurologic Deficits?
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    Global Spine Journal.2024; 14(1_suppl): 49S.     CrossRef
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    Yaozheng Han, Jun Ma, Guoquan Zhang, Liangliang Huang, Hui Kang
    Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Michael McCurdy, Rajkishen Narayanan, Omar Tarawneh, Yunsoo Lee, Matthew Sherman, Teeto Ezeonu, Michael Carter, Jose A. Canseco, Alan S. Hilibrand, Alexander R. Vaccaro, Christopher K. Kepler, Gregory D. Schroeder
    Brain and Spine.2024; 4: 102777.     CrossRef
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    Mürteza ÇAKIR, Fatma TORTUM, Kamber KAŞALİ
    Pamukkale Medical Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    World Neurosurgery.2024; 186: e713.     CrossRef
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    Raphael Lotan, Oded Hershkovich
    JAAOS: Global Research and Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Prediction Nomogram for Fractured Vertebra Recollapse After Posterior Reduction and Pedicle Screw Fixation in Thoracolumbar Fractures
    Xu Xiong, Wei-Wen Chen, Wen-Hao Zhou, Zhi-Li Liu, Jia-Ming Liu, Jiang-Wei Chen, Ning Zhang, Shan-Hu Huang
    World Neurosurgery.2024; 189: e807.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Hospital Transfer Status on Surgical Outcomes for Traumatic Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: Insights from a Multicenter Investigation
    Khaled M. Taghlabi, Jaime R. Guerrero, Lokeshwar S. Bhenderu, Jiaqiong Xu, Rijul Nanda, Isuru A. Somawardana, Ahmed M.A. Baradeiya, Aboud Tahanis, Jesus G. Cruz-Garza, Yevgeniy Freyvert, Todd W. Trask, Meng Huang, Sean M. Barber, Paul J. Holman, Amir H. F
    World Neurosurgery.2024; 190: e637.     CrossRef
  • Injuries of the thoracic spine and the thoracolumbar junction
    George Mataliotakis, Saeed Mohammad, Athanasios I Tsirikos
    Orthopaedics and Trauma.2024; 38(5): 296.     CrossRef
  • Outcome Measures of Open versus Minimally Invasive Surgery for Thoracolumbar Spinal Traumatic Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Felice Esposito, Ilaria Bove, Francesca Vitulli, Andrea Bocchino, Andrea Barbanera, Stefania Nape, Sara Lombardi, Giovanni Raffa, Luigi Pintore, Carmela Palmiero, Fabrizio Fellico, Domenico Solari, Luigi Maria Cavallo, Teresa Somma
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(18): 5558.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology of Lumbar Spine Fractures: Twenty-Year Assessment of Nationwide Emergency Department Visit Data
    Michael J. Kuharski, Mohammad Daher, Jack J. Zhou, Chibuokem P. Ikwuazom, Carolyn Andrews, Juhayer Alam, Ryan C. Scheer, Mary Lou, Daniel Alsoof, Mariah Balmaceno-Criss, Neil V. Shah, Jad Bou Monsef, Bassel G. Diebo, Carl B. Paulino, Alan H. Daniels
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  • The Importance of Alignment in the Management of Thoracolumbar Trauma
    Mohammad Daher, Makeen Baroudi, Celine Chaaya, Abel De Varona-Cocero, Anna Rezk, Shelby Cronkhite, Mariah Balmaceno-Criss, Chibuokem P. Ikwuazom, Christopher L. McDonald, Bassel G. Diebo, Alan H. Daniels
    World Neurosurgery.2024; 192: 109.     CrossRef
  • Surgical management of thoracolumbar junction fractures: An evidence-based algorithm
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Indications for Nonsurgical Treatment of Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):713-724.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Indications for Nonsurgical Treatment of Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):713-724.   Published online December 31, 2021
Close
Thoracolumbar spine is the most injured spinal region in blunt trauma. Literature on the indications for nonoperative treatment of thoracolumbar fractures is conflicting. The purpose of this systematic review is to clarify the indications for nonsurgical treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. We conducted a systematic literature search between 2010 to 2020 on PubMed/MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central. Up-to-date literature on the indications for nonoperative treatment of thoracolumbar fractures was reviewed to reach an agreement in a consensus meeting of WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies) Spine Committee. The statements were voted and reached a positive or negative consensus using the Delphi method. For all of the questions discussed, the literature search yielded 1,264 studies, from which 54 articles were selected for full-text review. Nine studies (4 trials, and 5 retrospective) evaluating 759 participants with thoracolumbar fractures who underwent nonoperative/surgery were included. Although, compression type and stable burst fractures can be managed conservatively, if there is major vertebral body damage, kyphotic angulation, neurological deficit, spinal canal compromise, surgery may be indicated. AO type B, C fractures are preferably treated surgically. Future research is necessary to tackle the relative paucity of evidence pertaining to patients with thoracolumbar fractures.

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Kyphosis After Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):681-692.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Kyphosis After Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):681-692.   Published online December 31, 2021
Close
Thoracolumbar fractures change the biomechanics of the spine. Load distribution causes kyphosis by the time. Treatment of posttraumatic kyphosis is still controversial. We reviewed the literature between 2010 and 2020 using a search with keywords “thoracolumbar fracture and kyphosis.” We removed osteoporotic fractures, ankylosing spondylitis fractures, non-English language papers, case reports, and low-quality case series. Up-to-date information on posttraumatic kyphosis management was reviewed to reach an agreement in a consensus meeting of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee. The first meeting was conducted in Peshawar in December 2019 with WFNS Spine Committee members’ presence and participation. The second meeting was a virtual meeting via the internet on June 12, 2020. We utilized the Delphi method to administer the questionnaire to preserve a high degree of validity. We summarized 42 papers on posttraumatic kyphosis. Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar kyphosis due to unstable burst fractures can be done via a posterior only approach. Less blood loss and reduced surgery time are the main advantages of posterior surgery. Kyphosis angle for surgical decision and fusion levels are controversial. However, global sagittal balance should be taken into consideration for the segment that has to be included. Adding an intermediate screw at the fractured level strengthens the construct.

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Surgical Techniques for Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):667-680.   Published online December 31, 2021
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Surgical Techniques for Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2021;18(4):667-680.   Published online December 31, 2021
Close
To formulate the specific guidelines for the recommendation of thoracolumbar fracture regarding surgical techniques and nonfusion surgery. WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies) Spine Committee organized 2 consensus meeting. For nonfusion surgery and thoracolumbar fracture, a systematic literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar database was done from 2010 to 2020. The search was further refined by excluding the articles which were duplicate, not in English or were based on animal or cadaveric subjects. After thorough shortlisting, only 50 articles were selected for full review in this consensus meeting. To generate a consensus, the levels of agreement or disagreement on each item were voted independently in a blind fashion through a Likert-type scale from 1 to 5. The consensus was achieved when the sum for disagreement or agreement was ≥ 66%. Each consensus point was clearly defined with evidence strength, recommendation grade, and consensus level provided. A magnitude of prospective papers were analyzed to formulate consensus on various surgical techniques that can be employed to address different types of thoracolumbar fractures. Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fractures can be a better option over the nonoperative approach, especially for those who cannot tolerate months in an orthosis or cast, such as those with multiple extremity injuries, skin lesions, obesity, and so forth. It generally allows early mobilization, less hospital stay, reduced pulmonary complications, and better correction of sagittal balance. Current available literature fails to demonstrate any statistically significant benefit of fusion surgery over nonfusion in thoracolumbar fractures.

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Letter to the Editor

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Reply to Commentary on “History of Spinal Neurosurgery and Spine Societies”
Neurospine. 2021;18(1):254-255.   Published online March 31, 2021
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Reply to Commentary on “History of Spinal Neurosurgery and Spine Societies”
Neurospine. 2021;18(1):254-255.   Published online March 31, 2021
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Introduction

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Cervical Spine Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury Recommendations of WFNS Spine Committee
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):704-707.   Published online December 31, 2020
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Cervical Spine Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury Recommendations of WFNS Spine Committee
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):704-707.   Published online December 31, 2020
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  • 12 Crossref

Essay

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History of Spinal Neurosurgery and Spine Societies
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):675-694.   Published online December 31, 2020
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History of Spinal Neurosurgery and Spine Societies
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):675-694.   Published online December 31, 2020
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  • Hemilaminectomy as an Approach for Intradural Extramedullary Tumor Removal
    Leonardo Gilmone Ruschel, Igor Baroni Cardoso, Amanda Yumi Ikematu, Natali Pimentel da Silva, Lara Mensato Döring, Anna Caroline Ulson da Costa, Louissa Srama Rosner Cidral, Afonso Henrique Aragão, Luiz Daniel Penzo, Ana Carolina Andrade, Kristel Larissa
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    Journal of Neurosurgery.2022; : 1.     CrossRef
  • 18,498 View
  • 251 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 4 Crossref

Review Articles

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Pediatric Cervical Spine Injuries and SCIWORA: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):797-808.   Published online December 31, 2020
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Pediatric Cervical Spine Injuries and SCIWORA: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):797-808.   Published online December 31, 2020
Close
Cervical trauma in children have variations from the adults mainly due to anatomic differences. An optimal diagnostic and treatment strategy is critical, particularly when there is a lack of standardized protocols for the management of such cases. This review paper examines the diagnostic and treatment options of pediatric cervical trauma and Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality (SCIWORA). A literature search for the last 10 years were conducted using key words. Case reports, experimental studies, papers other than English language were excluded. Up-to-date information on pediatric cervical trauma and SCIWORA were reviewed and statements were produced to reach a consensus in 2 separate consensus meeting of WFNS Spine Committee. The statements were voted and reached a consensus using Delphi method. This review reflects different aspects of contemporary pediatric cervical trauma decision-making and treatment, and SCIWORA. The mainstay of SCIWORA treatment is nonsurgical with immobilization, avoidance of risky activities. Prognosis generally depends on the initial neurological status and magnetic resonance imaging. Due to a significant discrepancy in the literature on diagnostic and management, future randomized controlled trials are needed to aid in generating standardized protocols.

Citations

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Subaxial Cervical Spine Injuries: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):737-758.   Published online December 31, 2020
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Subaxial Cervical Spine Injuries: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):737-758.   Published online December 31, 2020
Close
To formulate specific guidelines for the recommendation of subaxial cervical spine injuries concerning classification, management, posttraumatic locked facets and vertebral artery injury. Computerized literature was searched on PubMed and google scholar database from 2009 to 2020. For classification, keywords “Sub Axial Cervical Spine Classification,” resulting in 22 articles related to subaxial cervical spine injury classification system (SLICS) system and 11 articles related to AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen, German for “Association for the Study of Internal Fixation”) Spine system. The literature search yielded 210 and 78 articles on “management of subaxial cervical spine injuries” and the role of “SLICS” and “AO Spine” respectively. Keywords “management of traumatic facet locks” were searched and closed reduction, traction, approaches and techniques were studied. “Vertebral artery injury and cervical fracture” exhibited 2,328 references from the last 15 years. The objective was to identify the appropriate diagnostic tests and optimal treatment. Up-to-date information was reviewed, and statements were produced to reach a consensus in 2 separate consensus meetings of World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee. The statements were voted and reached a positive or negative consensus using Delphi method. Based on the most relevant literature, panelists in Moscow consensus meeting conducted in May 2019 drafted the statements, and after a preliminary voting session, the consensus was identified on various statements. Another meeting was conducted at Peshawar in November 2019, where in addition to previous statements, few other statements were discussed and voted. Specific recommendations were then formulated guiding classification, management, locked facets and vertebral artery injuries. This review summarizes the WFNS Spine Committee recommendations on subaxial cervical spine injuries.

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Early Management of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):759-784.   Published online December 31, 2020
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Early Management of Spinal Cord Injury: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations
Neurospine. 2020;17(4):759-784.   Published online December 31, 2020
Close
Scientific knowledge today is being generated more rapidly than we can assimilate thus requiring continuous review of gold-standards for diagnosis and treatment of specific pathologies. The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the best early management of spinal cord injury (SCI), in order to produce acceptable worldwide recommendations to standardize clinical practice as much as possible.The WFNS Spine Committee voted recommendations regarding management of SCI based on literature review of the last 10 years. The committee stated 9 recommendations on 3 main topics: (1) clinical assessment and classification of SCI; (2) emergency care and early management; (3) cardiopulmonary management. American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale, Spinal Cord Independence Measure, and International Spinal Cord Injury Basic Pain Data Set are considered the most useful and feasible in emergency evaluation and follow-up in case of SCI. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most indicated examination to evaluate patients with symptomatic SCI. In early phase, correction of hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg), and bradycardia are strongly recommended. Surgical decompression should be performed as soon as possible with the ideal surgical time being within 8 hours for both complete and incomplete lesions.

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