Objective The surgical treatment of lower cervical facet dislocation is controversial. Great advancements on reduction techniques for lower cervical facet dislocation have been made in the past decades. However, there is no article reviewing all the reduction techniques yet. The aim is to review the evolution and advancements of the reduction techniques for lower cervical facet dislocation.
Methods The application of all reduction techniques for lower cervical facet dislocation, including closed reduction, anterior-only, posterior-only, and combined approach reduction, is reviewed and discussed. Recent advancements on the novel techniques of reduction are also described. The principles of various techniques for reduction of cervical facet dislocation are described in detail.
Results All reduction techniques are useful. The anterior-only surgical approach appears to be the most popular approach. Moreover, many novel or modified reduction and fixation methods have been introduced in recent years.
Conclusion The selection of surgical approach depends on a combination of factors, including surgeon preference, patient factors, injury morphology, and inherent advantages and disadvantages of any given approach.
Citations
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Awake closed manual reduction of cervical spine dislocation as an emergency bridge to surgery: a case report Fangzheng Lin, Ji Qi, Jing Li, Jianglin Wu, Yu Hou, Minshan Feng, Yongjin Li, Shudong Chen, Dingkun Lin Frontiers in Medicine.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Subaxial cervical spine fractures with facet joint dislocation: Surgical management, technique, and results in a retrospective series of 36 patients Angelo Rusconi, Stefano Peron, Delia Cannizzaro, Alberto Campione, Roberto Stefini Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine.2026; 17(3): 279. CrossRef
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Objective To develop a nomogram for the prediction of tracheostomy in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI).
Methods A total of 689 TCSCI patients were included in our study. First, the variable selection was performed using between-group comparisons and LASSO regression analysis. Second, a multivariate logistic regression analysis (MLRA) with a step-by-step method was performed. A nomogram model was developed based on the MLRA. Finally, the model was validated on the training set and validation set.
Results The nomogram prediction model incorporated 5 predictors, including smoking history, dislocation, thoracic injury, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade, and neurological level of injury (NLI). The area under curve in the training group and in the validation group were 0.883 and 0.909, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test result was p = 0.153. From the decision curve analysis curve, the model performed well and was feasible to make beneficial clinical decisions.
Conclusion The nomogram combining dislocation, thoracic injury, ASIA grade A, NLI, and smoking history was validated as a reliable model for the prediction of tracheostomy.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting tracheostomy risk in traumatic cervical spinal cord injury Weiting Chen, Xiaoshuang Jiang, Xixi Guo, Jiuzhou Lin, Min Tang, Nanlin Dou Frontiers in Neurology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
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Traumatic spinal cord injury in South Korea for 13 years (2008–2020) Sung Hyun Noh, Eunyoung Lee, Kyoung-Tae Kim, Sang Hyun Kim, Pyung Goo Cho Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Co-Administration of Resolvin D1 and Peripheral Nerve-Derived Stem Cell Spheroids as a Therapeutic Strategy in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury Seung-Young Jeong, Hye-Lan Lee, SungWon Wee, HyeYeong Lee, GwangYong Hwang, SaeYeon Hwang, SolLip Yoon, Young-Il Yang, Inbo Han, Keung-Nyun Kim International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(13): 10971. CrossRef
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