The growth of minimally invasive techniques in spine surgery has accelerated in recent years, leading to development of new techniques and technology such as robotic-assisted spine surgery and full-endoscopic surgery. While robotic spine surgery offers the potential of increased precision and accuracy in instrumentation, endoscopic techniques are beneficial in reducing collateral tissue damage and allowing patients a faster return to function. We describe a case where we combine a robotic guidance system with a full-endoscopic technique, the trans-superior articular process decompression. We aim to share our experience as well as an overview of the surgical technique.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Global research trends in robot-assisted spinal surgery: a visualized bibliometric analysis Hailun Huang, Ziyu Lian, Yong’ai Liu, Kui Sun Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
From complexity to clarity: A perspective on personalized spine care through genetic, psychosocial, and technological advancements Favour Tope Adebusoye, Rohan S. Mane, Liyana Nithya Paaramee Priyankara, Mohammed Ahmed, Shubham Gaikwad, Jovan Ilic, Yash J. Pal, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Julie L. Chan, Daniel J. Hoh, Matthew Decker, Steven G. Roth, Daryl Pinion Fields, Paul R. Krafft Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine.2025; 16(4): 379. CrossRef
Evaluating the Learning Curve and Surgical Efficacy in the Novel Robotic-Assisted Muscle-Preserving (RAMP) Spinal Decompression Giuseppe Loggia, Fedan Avrumova, Marco D. Burkhard, Michael J. Kelly, Franziska C. S. Altorfer, Maksym Polt, Jiaqi Zhu, Joseph L. Chazen, Ek T. Tan, Darren R. Lebl Global Spine Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
This video provides a step-by-step guide for performing the hybrid endoscopic thoracic discectomy using navigation and robotic arm for addressing high migrated calcified disc herniation. With the development of techniques, endoscopic spine surgery has emerged as a reliable treatment for thoracic myelopathy. This approach offers high-resolution, off-axis visualization of the surgical field. The field is poised to advance further as endoscopic instruments are refined, becoming less invasive and more precise through the integration of navigation and robot-assisted systems. A 62-year-old woman presented to us with chief complaints of both legs weakness. She had difficulty standing and walking after squatted due to weakness in her legs and her Oswestry Disability Index score was 66. On examination her both side knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion were grade 4 without dysesthesia. The imaging examination confirmed the diagnosis of thoracic myelopathy caused by a highly migrated calcified disc herniation at T5–6 level. The patient underwent an endoscopic thoracic discectomy using robotic arm and navigation for addressing highly migrated calcified disc herniation, resulting in an excellent outcome. The continuous development of navigation and robotic systems in endoscopic thoracic surgery enhanced accuracy in surgical incisions and instrument placement, as well as improved efficiency in locating pathology and achieving precise decompression. Endoscopic thoracic discectomy combines full-endoscopy and unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) techniques to leverage the benefits of both approaches, including the cross-viewing of full-endoscopy cannula and the use of larger Kerrison rongeurs under UBE.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
A Commentary on “International Practice Patterns in the Surgical Management of Primary Lumbar Disc Herniation: An AO Spine Cross-Sectional Study” Jin-Sung Kim Neurospine.2026; 23(1): 40. CrossRef
A preliminary descriptive study on the histology of giant calcified disc herniations: a case series Riccardo Cecchinato, Alessandra Colombini, Barbara Rubino, Daniele Vanni, Luca Maria Sconfienza, Pedro Berjano European Spine Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
O-arm navigation-based transforaminal unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy for upper lumbar disc herniation: an innovative preliminary study Dong Hyun Lee, Choon Keun Park, Jin-Sung Kim, Jin Sub Hwang, Jin Young Lee, Dong-Geun Lee, Jae-Won Jang, Jun Yong Kim, Yong-Eun Cho, Dong Chan Lee Asian Spine Journal.2025; 19(2): 194. CrossRef
Bilateral–Contralateral Endoscopic Decompression as a Fusion-Deferral Strategy in Upper Lumbar Stenosis: A Structural Rationale and Conditional Framework—A Technical Note with Cases Review Dong Hyun Lee, Sang Yeop Han, Seung Young Jeong, Il-Tae Jang Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(16): 5726. CrossRef
Multiple imaging-assisted Unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) for syringomyelia secondary to T11-12 ligamentum flavum ossification: A case report Yue Tian, Hao Li, Fuming Tian, Hongen Bao Asian Journal of Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent advances in robotics technology and artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked increased interest in humanoid robots that resemble humans and social robots capable of interacting socially. Alongside this trend, a new field of robot research called human-robot interaction (HRI) is gaining prominence. The aim of this review paper is to introduce the fundamental concepts of HRI and social robots, examine their current applications in the medical field, and discuss the current and future prospects of HRI and social robots in spinal care. HRI is an interdisciplinary field where robotics, AI, social sciences, design, and various disciplines collaborate organically to develop robots that successfully interact with humans as the ultimate goal. While social robots are not yet widely deployed in clinical environments, ongoing HRI research encompasses various areas such as nursing and caregiving support, social and emotional assistance, rehabilitation and cognitive enhancement for the elderly, medical information provision and education, as well as patient monitoring and data collection. Although still in its early stages, research related to spinal care includes studies on robotic support for rehabilitation exercises, assistance in gait training, and questionnaire-based assessments for spinal pain. Future applications of social robots in spinal care will require diverse HRI research efforts and active involvement from spinal specialists.
When robots reshape teams: neurodynamic insights into taskwork and teamwork in search and rescue Robert J. Spenceley, Ranjana K. Mehta Frontiers in Neuroergonomics.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
A bioinspired electronic skin with orthogonal hydrogel and cascaded deep learning for decoupling tangential force and deformation mapping Zhuhui Yin, Longya Xiao, Jiarui Song, Qi Chen, Peiqi Zhang, Quan Hu, Hongjie Jiang Chemical Engineering Journal.2026; 535: 175418. CrossRef
Collaborative Robotic Systems for Pre-Analytical Processing of Biological Specimens in a Medical Laboratory Andrey G. Komarov, Pavel O. Bochkov, Arkadiy S. Goldberg, Vasiliy G. Akimkin, Pavel P. Tregub Diagnostics.2026; 16(7): 1093. CrossRef
Reimagining Autism Interventions: Robots as Adaptive Cognitive Partners in Social Learning Davide Ghiglino, Agnieszka Wykowska
Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems
.2026; 9(1): 27. CrossRef
Optimization of Structural Parameters and Mechanical Performance Analysis of a Novel Redundant Actuation Rehabilitation Training Robot Junyu Wu, He Wang, Yubin Liu, Zhuoqi Man, Xiaofan Yang, Xuanming Cao, Hegao Cai, Jie Zhao Biomimetics.2025; 10(4): 199. CrossRef
A Narrative Review of Systematic Reviews on the Applications of Social and Assistive Support Robots in the Health Domain Daniele Giansanti, Andrea Lastrucci, Antonio Iannone, Antonia Pirrera Applied Sciences.2025; 15(7): 3793. CrossRef
The growing challenge of aging populations: Addressing health and societal impacts Maria Karaflou, Dimitrios G. Goulis Maturitas.2025; 202: 108720. CrossRef
Digital Technologies in Hospital Medical Care (Review of International Publications) A. A. Allau City Healthcare.2025; 6(3): 134. CrossRef
Prospects for the implementation of collaborative robotic systems in laboratory medicine: a review Andrey G. Komarov, Pavel P. Tregub, Vadlen V. Tyulyubaev, Pavel O. Bochkov, Arcadiy S. Goldberg, Vasiliy G. Akimkin Russian Medicine.2025; 32(1): 72. CrossRef
Cyber–Physical Systems in Healthcare Based on Medical and Social Research Reflected in AI-Based Digital Twins of Patients Emilia Mikołajewska, Urszula Rogalla-Ładniak, Jolanta Masiak, Ewelina Panas, Dariusz Mikołajewski Applied Sciences.2025; 16(1): 318. CrossRef
The development of minimally invasive spinal surgery utilizing navigation and robotics has significantly improved the feasibility, accuracy, and efficiency of this surgery. In particular, these methods provide improved accuracy of pedicle screw placement, reduced radiation exposure, and shortened learning curves for surgeons. However, research on the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of navigation and robot-assisted spinal surgery is still in its infancy. Therefore, there is limited available evidence and this makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions regarding the long-term benefits of these technologies. In this review article, we provide a summary of the current navigation and robotic spinal surgery systems. We concluded that despite the progress that has been made in recent years, and the clear advantages these methods can provide in terms of clinical outcomes and shortened learning curves, cost-effectiveness remains an issue. Therefore, future studies are required to consider training costs, variable initial expenses, maintenance and service fees, and operating costs of these advanced platforms so that they are feasible for implementation in standard clinical practice.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Digital Twin Framework for Spine Surgery Considering Respiratory Motions: Methodology and Proof-of-Concept Validation Ashkan Ghorbanian, Borhan Beigzadeh IEEE Access.2026; : 1. CrossRef
Obstacles to Spine Surgery in Limited-Resource Environments Amer Sebaaly, Mohammad Daher, Joseph E. Nassar, Gaby Kreichati, Khalil Kharrat, Alan H. Daniels Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.2026; 108(7): 477. CrossRef
Novel 3D-navigated screw corridors for posterior pelvic ring stabilization: a finite element analysis Eftychios Bolierakis, Maximilian Praster, Hatem Alabdulrahman, Ulf Krister Hofmann, Christian Herren, Roman Michalik, Michel Teuben, Hans-Christoph Pape, Frank Hildebrand, Till Berk European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Preoperative Surgical Planning for Lumbar Spine Pedicle Screw Placement Using PointNet Seokbin Hwang, Suk-Joong Lee, Sungmin Kim Electronics.2026; 15(2): 468. CrossRef
Robotics in Cervical Spine Surgery: The Current Scenario S. Vidyadhara, Abhishek Soni, T. Balamurugan, H. S. Chhabra Indian Spine Journal.2026; 9(1): 12. CrossRef
Robotic Thoracolumbar Pedicle Screw Fixation: A Comprehensive Narrative Review Anuj Mundra, Sachin Sharma, Vishal Singh, S. Vidyadhara, Harvinder Singh Chhabra Indian Spine Journal.2026; 9(1): 61. CrossRef
Three-dimensional Printing in Spine Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Current Applications, Outcomes, and Future Directions Manish Gupta, Bhavuk Garg Indian Spine Journal.2026; 9(1): 72. CrossRef
AI-Driven Robotics has Optimized Motion Control, Decision-Making, and Real-Time Adaptability in Minimally Invasive Surgeries: A Systematic Review Mary Little Flower Thomas, Christopher Ezhil Singh Sreedharan, Glan Devadhas George, T. Jaya, Sridharan Ponnusamy, Jerril Gilda Sreedharan, Jerril Gilda, K. G. Jaya Christiyan, M. P. Muhsin Premier Journal of Science.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Mini-review on human-centered assurance in robot-assisted orthopedics and neurosurgery Sue Min Cho, Xinrui Zou, Laura Fleig, Mathias Unberath Frontiers in Robotics and AI.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Spinale Robotik vs. Cone-Beam-Navigation Patrick Strube, Alexander Hölzl, Anna-Maria Vogel, Georg Matziolis, Chris Lindemann Die Orthopädie.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Safety and accuracy of robot-assisted pedicle screw fixation: a randomized controlled trial Yawen Jiang, Jikui Qian, Ling Zhang, Yan Yu, Liming Cheng, Jinwu Wang, Ying Yao, Shaobai Wang International Journal of Surgery.2026; 112(4): 9770. CrossRef
Budget impact analysis of robot-assisted versus conventional spine surgery in Spain Rubén Martín Láez, Fernando Álvarez-Sala Walther, Julen Monje, María Álvarez, Mehdi Zahra, Sofía De Pedro, Paula Castro Albarrán, Miguel Ángel Casado, José A. Fernández Alén Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
O‐Arm Navigation Enhances Facet Preservation Without Compromising Clinical Outcomes in UBE Decompression for Radiographically Stable Adult Degenerative Scoliosis: A Single‐Center Comparative Study Yi Liu, Yiwei Xie, Zhibao Chen, Ruijun Xu, Haojie Chen, Xiaojian Ye, Jiangming Yu Orthopaedic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Posterior and Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Arpan A. Patel, Shaarada Srivatsa, Mark A. Davison, Michael P. Steinmetz Neurosurgery Clinics of North America.2025; 36(1): 11. CrossRef
Robotics in orthopaedic surgery: The end of surgery or its future? Felix C. Oettl, Bálint Zsidai, Jacob F. Oeding, Mazda Farshad, Michael T. Hirschmann, Kristian Samuelsson Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy.2025; 33(3): 793. CrossRef
Application of 3D visualization virtual surgery system in percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy Chen Gong, Min Zhang, Jianming Wu, Zhiwei Shi, Xiangyang Liu, Yahui Niu Technology and Health Care.2025; 33(2): 744. CrossRef
Computer-aided robotics for applications in fracture reduction surgery: Advances, challenges, and opportunities Xianzheng Zhou, Yimiao Chen, Genyuan Miao, Yanchao Guo, Qinhe Zhang, Jianping Bi iScience.2025; 28(1): 111509. CrossRef
A systematic review and meta-analysis of radiation exposure in spinal surgeries: Comparing C-Arm, CT navigation, and O-Arm techniques Kamran Shirbache, Melika Heidarzadeh, Reihane Qahremani, Amin Karami, Shaghayegh Karami, Elham Madreseh, Julio J. Jauregui, Ebrahim Najafzadeh, Ali Kazemi, Mohammad Hossein Nabian Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences.2025; 56(2): 101831. CrossRef
S8 Navigation system combined with an ultrasonic osteotome for three-dimensional real-time dynamic visualization decompression to reduce postoperative neurological deterioration in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum Shuai Li, Jinpeng Du, Xiaohui Wang, Yunfei Huang, Yansheng Huang, Zhen Chang, Liang Yan, Xuefang Zhang, Zhengwei Shi, Zhigang Zhao, Lin Gao, Songchuan Zhao, Baorong He European Spine Journal.2025; 34(3): 1004. CrossRef
How Do Robotics and Navigation Facilitate Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery? A Case Series and Narrative Review Esteban Quiceno, Mohamed A. R. Soliman, Asham Khan, Jeffrey P. Mullin, John Pollina Neurosurgery.2025; 96(3S): S84. CrossRef
Robotic Systems in Spinal Surgery: A Review of Accuracy, Radiation Exposure, Hospital Readmission Rate, Cost, and Adverse Events Nadia V. Haik, Alison E. Burgess, Norris C. Talbot, Patrick Luther, James R. Bridges, Michael Folse, Elizabeth Jee, Jamie Toms World Neurosurgery.2025; 195: 123721. CrossRef
Optimizing Single-Position Prone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Exoscopic Technology: A Review of Key Innovations Christian Quinones, John Preston Wilson, Deepak Kumbhare, Bharat Guthikonda, Stanley Hoang Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(4): 1132. CrossRef
Letter to the Editor Regarding “Robotic Systems in Spinal Surgery: A Review of Accuracy, Radiation Exposure, Hospital Readmission Rate, Cost, and Adverse Events” Yuxuan Dai, Yu Chen, Bing Wang, Jiao Zhang, Bo Chen World Neurosurgery.2025; 196: 123838. CrossRef
Optimizing the clinical adoption of total joint replacement of the lumbar spine through imaging, robotics and artificial intelligence S. Craig Humphreys, Jon E. Block, Ahilan Sivaganesan, Louis J. Nel, Marc Peterman, Scott D. Hodges Expert Review of Medical Devices.2025; 22(5): 405. CrossRef
Integrated Optical and Magnetic Navigation for Simplified Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Novel Approach Xing-Chen Yao, Jun-Peng Liu, Xin-Ru Du, Li Guan, Yong Hai, Jincai Yang, Aixing Pan Neurospine.2025; 22(1): 297. CrossRef
Advancements in robotic-assisted spine surgery: A literature review and technology comparison Jonathan Hammond, Stefano Priola Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery.2025; 40: 102056. CrossRef
Automated labeling using tracked ultrasound imaging: Application in tracking vertebrae during spine surgery Debarghya China, Luke J. MacLean, Jinchi Wei, Nicholas Theodore, Norbert Johnson, Neil Crawford, Kai Ding, Ali Uneri Medical Image Analysis.2025; 105: 103672. CrossRef
Optimizing TLIF Approach Selection: An Algorithmic Framework with Illustrative Cases Alyssa M. Bartlett, Summer Shabana, Caroline C. Folz, Mounica Paturu, Christoper I. Shaffrey, Parastou Quist, Olumide Danisa, Khoi D. Than, Peter Passias, Muhammad M. Abd-El-Barr Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(12): 4209. CrossRef
Japanese 2021 nationwide survey on complications from spine surgery Sadayuki Ito, Shiro Imagama, Hiroaki Nakashima, Masaaki Machino, Toshinori Sakai, Toshimi Aizawa, Hideyuki Arima, Hideaki Hamanaka, Yuyu Ishimoto, Satoshi Kato, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi, Hiroaki Konishi, Naohisa Miyakoshi, Hideki Murakami, Yukitaka Nagamoto, K European Spine Journal.2025; 34(8): 3095. CrossRef
The feasibility of robotic navigation in single position oblique lateral spine surgery. A technical note and a retrospective study Asrafi Rizki Gatam, Luthfi Gatam, Ajiantoro Ajiantoro, Omar Luthfi, Phedy Phedy, Harmantya Mahadhipta, Syafruddin Husin, Karina Sylvana Gani, Mitchel Mitchel, Erica Kholinne Frontiers in Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comprehensive workflow with optical navigation in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study Kangheng Niu, Zhenzhen Tao, Le Cheng, Zhong Wei, Hui Kang, Tanjun Wei, Biwang Huang, Feng Xu, Chengjie Xiong Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Utility of Enabling Technologies in Spinal Deformity Surgery: Optimizing Surgical Planning and Intraoperative Execution to Maximize Patient Outcomes Nora C. Kim, Eli Johnson, Christopher DeWald, Nathan Lee, Timothy Y. Wang Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(15): 5377. CrossRef
Complications and Errors With Spinal Robotics and Navigation Trice A. Pickens, Cade F. Bennett, Daniel E. Herrera, Wellington K. Hsu, Srikanth N. Divi, Alpesh A. Patel Contemporary Spine Surgery.2025; 26(9): 1. CrossRef
Whole-Workflow Robotic-Assisted Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy via a Two-Step Access Method: Technical Report and Preliminary Results Wenjie Zheng, Junlong Wu, Wen Xia, Rui Zuo, Xian Chang, Hong Yin, Changqing Li, Chao Zhang Journal of Pain Research.2025; Volume 18: 4361. CrossRef
The Role of Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Orthopedic Practice: A Comprehensive Review of Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions Ahmed Elkohail, Ahmed M Khalifa, Ali Soffar, Ibrahim Omar, Mostafa Abdulaziz, Ahmed Elsaket, Ahmed Elnewishy, Momen Abdelglil, Siddhartha Murhekar, Ahmed Swealem Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The application of robotic and artificial intelligence technologies in spinal surgery: a review focused on prospects in remote areas of China Zhibin Liu, Junlong Huang, Hao Zhang, Shuzhuo Zhang, Honghao Dai, Yuexin Jiang, Hongtao Bi, Zhongshu Shan Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Intelligence Architectures and Machine Learning Applications in Contemporary Spine Care Rahul Kumar, Conor Dougherty, Kyle Sporn, Akshay Khanna, Puja Ravi, Pranay Prabhakar, Nasif Zaman Bioengineering.2025; 12(9): 967. CrossRef
Threshold-Anchored Mechanomyography Metrics for Patient Stratification in Spinal Decompression: Associations with Early Pain Outcomes Muwaffak Abdulhak, Ross Jones, David Nay, Christopher Wybo Journal of Personalized Medicine.2025; 15(12): 564. CrossRef
Preliminary evaluation of mixed reality navigation with single-vertebra registration in spinal surgery Zhongjie Shi, Zirui Su, Lingling Yang, Xin Gao, Deyong Xiao, Yilong Peng, Xiaojun Li, JianFeng Guo, Shujie Sun, Zhanxiang Wang European Journal of Medical Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Whole process navigated percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy guided by a novel X-ray instant navigation: a technical report and preliminary clinical outcomes Wenjie Zheng, Wen Xia, Chao Liu, Zhengyang Wu, Minghan Liu, Rui Zuo, Linfeng Mo, Yue Zhou, Changqing Li, Chao Zhang BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
From complexity to clarity: A perspective on personalized spine care through genetic, psychosocial, and technological advancements Favour Tope Adebusoye, Rohan S. Mane, Liyana Nithya Paaramee Priyankara, Mohammed Ahmed, Shubham Gaikwad, Jovan Ilic, Yash J. Pal, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Julie L. Chan, Daniel J. Hoh, Matthew Decker, Steven G. Roth, Daryl Pinion Fields, Paul R. Krafft Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine.2025; 16(4): 379. CrossRef
Impact of Navigation Assistance on Perioperative Outcomes in Sacroiliac Joint Arthrodesis: A Comparative Study Attila Sarkadi, Adolf Mueller, Vitaly Sokotukhin , Stephan Lackermair, Eric O Sarpong, Hannes Egermann Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Hospitalizations and surgical management of lumbar disc degeneration in Italy: a 22-Year nationwide retrospective study Fabrizio Russo, Bruna Maria Rondinone, Giuseppe Francesco Papalia, Gianluca Vadalà, Rocco Papalia, Vincenzo Denaro, Sergio Iavicoli BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Accuracy of Robotic-Guided Pedicular Screw Insertion in Thoracolumbar Spinal Surgery Ignacio Dominguez, Rafael Luque, Angela Carrascosa, Juan Pablo Castaño, Alicia Collado, Pedro Alonso Lera, Fernando Marco Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(23): 8425. CrossRef
Effectiveness and reliability of AI in diagnosis and robot-assisted spinal and cranial surgery: efficient outcomes and ethical worries Iqra Shahid, Ahmed Raza, Inshrah Qureshi, Umaima Cheema, Siraj Ul Muneer, Ayesha Sehar, Maryam Aqeel, Saleha Azeem, Ahmad Hussain, Calvin R. Wei, Samuel Mbabazi, Fabrice Kibukila, Dieudonné Kakusu, Aymar Akilimali Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2025; 87(11): 7280. CrossRef
Bibliometric analysis of robotic-assisted hepatobiliary and pancreaticosplenic surgery Tao Liu, Kunming Zhao, Heqi Tai, Xiaofeng Tian Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Biomechanical optimization of pedicle screw trajectories in osteoporotic lumbar fusion: finite element analysis and validation of robotic-assisted implementation Cheng Zhong, Zhe Han Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Commentary on “Navigation-Guided/Robot-Assisted Spinal Surgery: A Review Article” John R. Adler Jr Neurospine.2024; 21(1): 18. CrossRef
Knee Arthroscopy in the Era of Precision Medicine: A Comprehensive Review of Tailored Approaches and Emerging Technologies Vinit Rathod, Milind R Gharpinde , Sandeep Shrivastav Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Commentary on “The Utility and Feasibility of Smart Glasses in Spine Surgery: Minimizing Radiation Exposure During Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Insertion” Wongthawat Liawrungrueang Neurospine.2024; 21(2): 440. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of navigation robot-assisted versus conventional oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion with internal fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: A retrospective study Min Tong, Siping Zhang, Wenhao Zhang, Limin Mou, Zhenyu Dong, Rong Wang, Shida Li, Yifei Huang Medicine.2024; 103(32): e39261. CrossRef
Overcoming the Learning Curve in Robot-Assisted Spinal Surgery—How Does It Compare to O-Arm Navigation? Pirateb Paramasivam Meenakshi Sundaram, Mun Chun Lai, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh Surgeries.2024; 5(4): 896. CrossRef
Mid-term efficacy of non-contact orthopedic robot navigation in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis XiaoPeng Gu, SongOu Zhang, YongTao Liu, JunLiang Qi, YueQuan Gu, WeiHu Ma BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Letter to the editor regarding "Level-specific comparison of 3D navigated and robotic arm-guided screw placement: an accuracy assessment of 1210 pedicle screws in lumbar surgery" by Asada et al Sanaa Hameed, Fauziyya Muhammad, Lance M Villeneuve, Zachary A Smith The Spine Journal.2024; 24(12): 2428. CrossRef
Evaluation of Pedicle Screw Position on Computerized Tomography Using Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Software Jiwon Park, Jin S. Yeom, Yeonho Kim, Yoonjoong Hwang, Namkug Kim, Sang-Min Park Medicina.2024; 60(12): 2040. CrossRef
Does Robotic Spine Surgery Add Value to Surgical Practice over Navigation-Based Systems? A Study on Operating Room Efficiency Pirateb Paramasivam Meenakshi Sundaram, Daniel Yang Yao Peh, Jane Wenjin Poh, Guna Pratheep Kalanchiam, Wayne Ming Quan Yap, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh Medicina.2024; 60(12): 2112. CrossRef
Objective Practical applications of nerve decompression using neurosurgical robots remain unexplored. Our ongoing research and development initiatives, utilizing industrial robots, aim to establish a secure and efficient neurosurgical robotic system. The principal objective of this study was to automate bone grinding, which is a pivotal component of neurosurgical procedures.
Methods To achieve this goal, we integrated an endoscope system into a manipulator and conducted precision bone machining using a neurosurgical drill, recording the grinding resistance values across 3 axes. Our study encompassed 2 core tasks: linear grinding, such as laminectomy, and cylindrical grinding, such as foraminotomy, with each task yielding unique measurement data.
Results In linear grinding, we observed a proportional increase in grinding resistance values in the machining direction with acceleration. This observation suggests that 3-axis resistance measurements are a valuable tool for gauging and predicting deep cortical penetration. However, problems occurred in cylindrical grinding, and a significant error of 10% was detected. The analysis revealed that multiple factors, including the tool tip efficiency, machining speed, teaching methods, and deflection in the robot arm and jig joints, contributed to this error.
Conclusion We successfully measured the resistance exerted on the tool tip during bone machining with a robotic arm across 3 axes. The resistance ranged from 3 to 8 Nm, with the measurement conducted at a processing speed approximately twice that of manual surgery performed by a surgeon. During the simulation of foraminotomy under endoscopic grinding conditions, we encountered a -10% error margin.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Recent advances in robotic-assisted laminectomy in spine surgery: a narrative review Tarun Mattikalli, Konstantinos Margetis, James D. Lin, Jeremy Steinberger Asian Spine Journal.2026; 20(2): 388. CrossRef
Thermal performance of modified surgical drill margins during bone drilling: An experimental, numerical, and optimization case study Mohd Faizal Ali Akhbar, Shahrizan Jamaludin, Suriani Mat Jusoh, Fatin Alias, Mohd Azlan Musa, Rodianah Alias Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine.2026; 240(4): 411. CrossRef
Optimization of Surgical Drill Margin Dimension to Reduce Bone Temperature Mohd Faizal Ali Akhbar, Shahrizan Jamaludin, Rodianah Alias Key Engineering Materials.2026; 1053: 27. CrossRef
Force model of robot bone grinding based on finite element analysis Kai Yang, Qingxuan Jia, Chao Feng, Juxiang Huang, Gang Chen, Zheng Yang Measurement.2025; 243: 116124. CrossRef
Step-coated FBG and runway-shaped beam 6-D F/T sensor with dynamic self-fault-tolerant for orthopedic surgery robot Chen Zhao, Tianliang Li, Haolei Fan, Haotian Zhou, Jun wang, Yu Xu, Hongliang Ren, Fei Cheng, Yuegang Tan, Zude Zhou The International Journal of Robotics Research.2025; 44(12): 2073. CrossRef
From the Editor-in-Chief: Featured Articles in the March 2024 Issue Inbo Han Neurospine.2024; 21(1): 1. CrossRef
Expanding the Scope of Robotic Spinal Surgery With Bone Decompression: Commentary on “Advancements and Challenges in Robot-Assisted Bone Processing in Neurosurgical Procedures” Stephen Ryu Neurospine.2024; 21(1): 104. CrossRef
Commentary on “The Utility and Feasibility of Smart Glasses in Spine Surgery: Minimizing Radiation Exposure During Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Insertion” Wongthawat Liawrungrueang Neurospine.2024; 21(2): 440. CrossRef
Spinal robotics have the potential to improve the consistency of outcomes in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. The objective of this paper is to assess the accuracy of pedicle and S2 alar-iliac (S2AI) screws placed with robotic guidance in ASD patients. PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and an institutional library database were queried until May 2023. Articles were included if they described ASD correction via robotic guidance and pedicle and/or S2AI screw accuracy. Articles were excluded if they described pediatric/adolescent spinal deformity or included outcomes for both ASD and non-ASD patients without separating the data. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Primary endpoints were pedicle screw accuracy based on the Gertzbein-Robbins Scale and self-reported accuracy percentages for S2AI screws. Data were extracted for patient demographics, operative details, and perioperative outcomes and assessed using descriptive statistics. Five studies comprising 138 patients were included (mean age 66.0 years; 85 females). A total of 1,508 screws were inserted using robotic assistance (51 S2AI screws). Two studies assessing pedicle screws reported clinically acceptable trajectory rates of 98.7% and 96.0%, respectively. Another study reported a pedicle screw accuracy rate of 95.5%. Three studies reported 100% accuracy across 51 total S2AI screws. Eight total complications and 4 reoperations were reported. Current evidence supports the application of robotics in ASD surgery as safe and effective for placement of both screw types. However, due to the paucity of data, a comprehensive assessment of its incremental benefit over other techniques cannot be made. Further work using expanded cohorts is merited.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
CT-Based Analysis of Rod Trace Length Changes During Posterior Spinal Correction in Adult Spinal Deformity Takumi Takeuchi, Takafumi Iwasaki, Kaito Jinnai, Yosuke Kawano, Kazumasa Konishi, Masahito Takahashi, Hitoshi Kono, Naobumi Hosogane Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(2): 778. CrossRef
2-staged robot-assisted vertebrectomy for metastatic lumbar spine lesion: a proof-of-concept case Antoine Keraudy, Pierre De Buck, Pierre Haettel, Boulos Ghannam, Richard Assaker, Henri-Arthur Leroy European Spine Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Circumferential Minimally Invasive Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Systematic Review With Key Concepts and Technical Considerations Marcos Real, Logan H. Sigua, Matthew R. Allen, Nolan J. Brown, Timothy Y. Kim, Martin H. Pham World Neurosurgery.2026; 206: 124785. CrossRef
Extended uses of robots in spine surgery beyond thoracolumbar pedicle screws: A narrative review Vidyadhara Srinivasa, Abhishek Soni, Balamurugan Thirugnanam, Prabhu Krishnan Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Minimally Invasive Robotic-Assisted Complex Adult Spinal Deformity Correction in a Surgical Specialty Hospital: Bringing Adult Spinal Deformity Care Closer to Home Roland Kent Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(8): 2913. CrossRef
Robot-Assisted Spine Surgery: The Pearls and Pitfalls Nathan J. Lee, Joseph M. Lombardi, Sheeraz Qureshi, Ronald A. Lehman Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.2025; 33(2): e81. CrossRef
Evolution of Robotic Spine Surgery Technologies Martin H. Pham, Nolan J. Brown Neurosurgery.2025; 96(3S): S75. CrossRef
Spinal Robotics in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Key Concepts and Technical Considerations Kareem Khalifeh, Carson P. McCann, Nicholas S. Hernandez, Martin H. Pham Asian Journal of Neurosurgery.2025; 20(03): 448. CrossRef
An update on improvement and innovation in the management of adult thoracolumbar spinal deformity Thomas Pieters, Gabrielle Santangelo, Taylor Furst, Daniel M. Sciubba BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Surgical management of severe neglected adult idiopathic scoliosis: A review article on challenges and contemporary treatment strategies Masashi Miyazaki, Tetsutaro Abe, Noriaki Sako, Nobuhiro Kaku Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma.2025; 67: 103106. CrossRef
Morbidity and Mortality of Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery Using the Japanese Orthopedic Association National Registry/Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research Database (JOANR/JSSR-DB) Takumi Takeuchi, Hideyuki Arima, Tomoyuki Asada, Satoru Demura, Toru Doi, Akira Matsumura, Hiroki Oba, Ryo Sugawara, Satoshi Suzuki, Shinji Takahashi, Haruki Ueda, Yu Yamato, Kei Watanabe, Naobumi Hosogane Spine Surgery and Related Research.2025; 9(4): 426. CrossRef
MDWC-Net: a multi-scale dynamic-weighting context network for precise spinal X-ray segmentation Zhongzheng Gu, Xuan Wang, Baojun Chen Frontiers in Physiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Current Applications and Future Directions of Technologies Used in Adult Deformity Surgery for Personalized Alignment: A Narrative Review Janet Hsu, Taikhoom M. Dahodwala, Noel O. Akioyamen, Evan Mostafa, Rami Z. AbuQubo, Xiuyi Alexander Yang, Priya K. Singh, Daniel C. Berman, Rafael De la Garza Ramos, Yaroslav Gelfand, Saikiran G. Murthy, Jonathan D. Krystal, Ananth S. Eleswarapu, Mitchell Journal of Personalized Medicine.2025; 15(10): 480. CrossRef
Robot-assistance in revision thoracolumbar fusion surgeries – Prospective study of 64 patients Balamurugan Thirugnanam, Vidyadhara Srinivasa, Abhishek Soni, Akhil Xavier Joseph, R Dinesh Iyer Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma.2025; 71: 103247. CrossRef
Biomechanical optimization of pedicle screw trajectories in osteoporotic lumbar fusion: finite element analysis and validation of robotic-assisted implementation Cheng Zhong, Zhe Han Journal of Robotic Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Preoperative Robotics Planning Facilitates Complex Construct Design in Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery—A Preliminary Experience Martin H. Pham, Nicholas S. Hernandez, Lauren E. Stone Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(7): 1829. CrossRef
Accuracy and postoperative assessment of robot-assisted placement of pedicle screws during scoliosis surgery compared with conventional freehand technique: a systematic review and meta-analysis Wei Cui, Xinglin Liu, Zhiheng Zhao, Zihe Feng, Xianglong Meng Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The Importance of Planning Ahead: A Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Novel Trans-Facet Corridor for Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Segmentation Technology Troy Q. Tabarestani, Peter N. Drossopoulos, Chuan-Ching Huang, Alyssa M. Bartlett, Mounica R. Paturu, Christopher I. Shaffrey, John H. Chi, Wilson Z. Ray, C. Rory Goodwin, Timothy J. Amrhein, Muhammad M. Abd-El-Barr World Neurosurgery.2024; 188: e247. CrossRef
Commentary on “The Utility and Feasibility of Smart Glasses in Spine Surgery: Minimizing Radiation Exposure During Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Insertion” Wongthawat Liawrungrueang Neurospine.2024; 21(2): 440. CrossRef
Does Robotic Spine Surgery Add Value to Surgical Practice over Navigation-Based Systems? A Study on Operating Room Efficiency Pirateb Paramasivam Meenakshi Sundaram, Daniel Yang Yao Peh, Jane Wenjin Poh, Guna Pratheep Kalanchiam, Wayne Ming Quan Yap, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh Medicina.2024; 60(12): 2112. CrossRef
Objective To analyze the usage of floor-mounted robot in minimally invasive lumbar fusion.
Methods Patients who underwent minimally invasive lumbar fusion for degenerative pathology using floor-mounted robot (ExcelsiusGPS) were included. Pedicle screw accuracy, proximal level violation rate, pedicle screw size, screw-related complications, and robot abandonment rate were analyzed.
Results Two hundred twenty-nine patients were included. Most surgeries were primary single-level fusion. Sixty-five percent of surgeries had intraoperative computed tomography (CT) workflow, 35% had preoperative CT workflow. Sixty-six percent were transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, 16% were lateral, 8% were anterior, and 10% were a combined approach. A total of 1,050 screws were placed with robotic assistance (85% in prone position, 15% in lateral position). Postoperative CT scan was available for 80 patients (419 screws). Overall pedicle screw accuracy rate was 96.4% (prone, 96.7%; lateral, 94.2%; primary, 96.7%; revision, 95.3%). Overall poor screw placement rate was 2.8% (prone, 2.7%; lateral, 3.8%; primary, 2.7%; revision, 3.5%). Overall proximal facet and endplate violation rates were 0.4% and 0.9%. Average diameter and length of pedicle screws were 7.1 mm and 47.7 mm. Screw revision had to be done for 1 screw (0.1%). Use of the robot had to be aborted in 2 cases (0.8%).
Conclusion Usage of floor-mounted robotics for the placement of lumbar pedicle screws leads to excellent accuracy, large screw size, and negligible screw-related complications. It does so for screw placement in prone/lateral position and primary/revision surgery alike with negligible robot abandonment rates.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Response to the letter to the editor: Beyond fixation: computational and motion-integrated perspectives on pinless robot-assisted spine surgery Abhishek Soni, Vidyadhara Srinivasa, Balamurugan Thirugnanam, Madhava Pai Kanhangad, Akhil Xavier Joseph Asian Spine Journal.2026; 20(1): 216. CrossRef
Temporal Trends of Improvement After Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Pratyush Shahi, Tejas Subramanian, Olivia Tuma, Sumedha Singh, Kasra Araghi, Tomoyuki Asada, Maximilian Korsun, Nishtha Singh, Chad Simon, Avani Vaishnav, Eric Mai, Joshua Zhang, Cole Kwas, Myles Allen, Eric Kim, Annika Heuer, Evan Sheha, James Dowdell, S Spine.2025; 50(2): 81. CrossRef
Robotic spine surgery: Technical note and descriptive analysis of the first 40 cases Víctor Rodríguez-Domínguez, Jorge Bedia Cadelo, Javier Giner García, María Luisa Gandía González, Catalina Vivancos Sánchez, Alberto Isla Guerrero Neurocirugía (English Edition).2025; 36(3): 169. CrossRef
Cirugía robótica de columna vertebral: nota técnica y análisis descriptivo de los primeros 40 casos Víctor Rodríguez-Domínguez, Jorge Bedia Cadelo, Javier Giner García, María Luisa Gandía González, Catalina Vivancos Sánchez, Alberto Isla Guerrero Neurocirugía.2025; 36(3): 169. CrossRef
Beyond Pedicle Screw Placement: Future Minimally Invasive Applications of Robotics in Spine Surgery Meghana Bhimreddy, Arjun K. Menta, Antony A. Fuleihan, A. Daniel Davidar, Patrick Kramer, Ritvik Jillala, Mustafa Najeed, Xihang Wang, Nicholas Theodore Neurosurgery.2025; 96(3S): S94. CrossRef
How Do Robotics and Navigation Facilitate Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery? A Case Series and Narrative Review Esteban Quiceno, Mohamed A. R. Soliman, Asham Khan, Jeffrey P. Mullin, John Pollina Neurosurgery.2025; 96(3S): S84. CrossRef
Class 2/3 obesity leads to worse outcomes following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion Pratyush Shahi, Tejas Subramanian, Kasra Araghi, Maximilian K. Korsun, Sumedha Singh, Nishtha Singh, Olivia C. Tuma, Tomoyuki Asada, Annika Bay, Eric R. Zhao, Adin M. Ehrlich, Sereen Halayqeh, Tarek Harhash, Andrea Pezzi, Adrian Lui, Evan D. Sheha, James The Spine Journal.2025; 25(9): 1985. CrossRef
Current Trends and Future Directions in Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Review of Emerging Techniques and Evolving Management Paradigms Gianluca Galieri, Vittorio Orlando, Roberto Altieri, Manlio Barbarisi, Alessandro Olivi, Giovanni Sabatino, Giuseppe La Rocca Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(10): 3390. CrossRef
Robot-assisted technique versus freehand technique for spine surgery: an umbrella review Ting Li, Jingxin Yan, Jin Li, Yuanting Shang, Xiaoyu Tang Annals of Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Superior facet joint violation after lumbar pedicle screw placement: a scoping review of prevalence, biomechanics, and implications for adjacent segment disease Conor McNamee, Jake Michael McDonnell, David Kelly, Harry Marland, Stacey Darwish, Joseph Simon Butler Asian Spine Journal.2025; 19(6): 1032. CrossRef
Evaluating accuracy in robotic-assisted thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement: Insights from a single-center study of 410 patients Abhishek Soni, Vidyadhara Srinivasa, Akhil Xavier Joseph, Balamurugan Thirugnanam, Alia Vidyadhara Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine.2025; 16(4): 408. CrossRef
Perception of Robotics and Navigation by Spine Fellows and Early Attendings: The Impact of These Technologies on Their Training and Practice Pratyush Shahi, Tejas Subramanian, Sumedha Singh, Evan Sheha, James Dowdell, Sheeraz A. Qureshi, Sravisht Iyer World Neurosurgery.2024; 181: e330. CrossRef
Level-specific comparison of 3D navigated and robotic arm-guided screw placement: an accuracy assessment of 1210 pedicle screws in lumbar surgery Tomoyuki Asada, Tejas Subramanian, Chad Z. Simon, Nishtha Singh, Takashi Hirase, Kasra Araghi, Amy Z. Lu, Eric Mai, Yeo Eun Kim, Olivia Tuma, Myles R J Allen, Eric Kim, Maximilian Korsun, Joshua Zhang, Cole Kwas, James Dowdell, Sravisht Iyer, Sheeraz A. Q The Spine Journal.2024; 24(10): 1872. CrossRef
Image-Guided Navigation in Spine Surgery: From Historical Developments to Future Perspectives John Preston Wilson, Lane Fontenot, Caleb Stewart, Deepak Kumbhare, Bharat Guthikonda, Stanley Hoang Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(7): 2036. CrossRef
Fostering International Knowledge Sharing and Clinical Excellence: A Partnership and Inaugural Academic Conference Klaus Mieth Alviar, Guillermo Bonilla, Mathias Bostrom, Alberto Carli, Matthew Cunningham, Claire D. Eliasberg, Adolfo Llinás, Jorge Rojas Liévano, Catherine Maclean, William M. Ricci, Laura Robbins HSS Journal®: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery.2024; 20(4): 616. CrossRef
Clinical study on freehand of bicortical sacral screw fixation with the assistance of torque measurement device Guozheng Jiang, Luchun Xu, Yukun Ma, Jianbin Guan, Ningning Feng, Ziye Qiu, Shibo Zhou, Wenhao Li, Yongdong Yang, Yi Qu, He Zhao, Zeyu Li, Xing Yu BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Fully automated determination of robotic pedicle screw accuracy and precision utilizing computer vision algorithms Benjamin N. Groisser, Ankush Thakur, Howard J. Hillstrom, Akshitha Adhiyaman, Colson Zucker, Jerry Du, Matthew Cunningham, M. Timothy Hresko, Ram Haddas, John Blanco, Hollis G. Potter, Douglas N. Mintz, Ryan E. Breighner, Jessica H. Heyer, Roger F. Widman Journal of Robotic Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Revised in-depth meta-analysis on the efficacy of robot-assisted versus traditional free-hand pedicle screw insertion Sorayouth Chumnanvej, Branesh M. Pillai, Jackrit Suthakorn, Siriluk Chumnanvej Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery.2024; 7(4): 155. CrossRef
Medicolegal implications of robotics in spine surgery Avani Vaishnav, Sheeraz Qureshi Seminars in Spine Surgery.2024; 36(3): 101120. CrossRef
Advancing the Adoption of Robot-Assisted Surgery as the Routine Minimally Invasive Approach in Spinal Procedures: Commentary on “Floor-Mounted Robotic Pedicle Screw Placement in Lumbar Spine Surgery: An Analysis of 1,050 Screws” Lu-Ping Zhou, Ren-Jie Zhang, Cai-Liang Shen Neurospine.2023; 20(3): 1088. CrossRef
Lumbar degenerative disease is a common problem in an aging society. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive surgical (MIS) technique that utilizes a retroperitoneal antepsoas corridor to treat lumbar degenerative disease. OLIF has theoretical advantages over other lumbar fusion techniques, such as a lower risk of lumbar plexus injury than direct lateral interbody fusion (DLIF). Previous studies have reported favorable clinical and radiological outcomes of OLIF in various lumbar degenerative diseases. The use of OLIF is increasing, and evidence on OLIF is growing in the literature. The indications for OLIF are also expanding with the help of recent technical developments, including stereotactic navigation systems and robotics. In this review, we present current evidence on OLIF for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease, focusing on the expansion of surgical indications and recent advancements in the OLIF procedure.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Biomechanical comparison of oblique lateral interbody fusion with interspinous versus other fixation techniques: A finite element study Zhenggang Li, Yiming Liang, Mingqi Jiang, Yonghui Zhao, Jiayu Chen, Xionggang Yang, Sheng Lu Medicine.2026; 105(16): e48346. CrossRef
Determinants of lateral fusion in single-level oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective analysis of fusion patterns and clinical outcomes Tong Yongjun, Song Haixin, Fu Chudi, Liu Junhui, Huang Bao, Fan Shunwu, Zhao Fengdong Asian Spine Journal.2026; 20(1): 107. CrossRef
Oblique lateral interbody fusion: role of the elastic modulus of the cage material in mechanically induced osteogenesis Teng Lu, Zhongwei Sun, Xijing He Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine.2026; 276: 109242. CrossRef
Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion With Lateral Vertebral Screw Fixation Versus Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Severe Lumbar Stenosis: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Xuefeng Li, Cheng Lin, Tangyiheng Chen, Renjie Li, Dapeng Li, Sheng Song, Huilin Yang, Genlei Chu, Weimin Jiang, Yijie Liu Neurosurgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Global research progress in oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF): A bibliometric analysis Pengzheng Tang, Tianxu Geng, Zhongshan Wang, Hongping Yang Asian Journal of Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Hounsfield Units in Predicting Cage Subsidence After Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Chen Zhang, Zachary Chu, Jonathan Boey, Reuben Chee Cheong Soh World Neurosurgery.2026; 208: 124836. CrossRef
Mid-term effects of posterior versus oblique lumbar interbody fusion on spinopelvic alignment and clinical outcomes in lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective comparative cohort study Haixu Wang, Wei Du, Li Zhang, Xiaoping Wang, Rong Chen, Lanchun Ren, Yue Zheng, Zhe Lin, Zhiyong Hou Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion With and Without rhBMP-2 at 1 Year Postoperatively Dongook Kim, Seonpyo Jang, Hyoungmin Kim, Bong-Soon Chang, Sam Yeol Chang Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2026; 33(1): 15. CrossRef
Global research landscape and citation dynamics of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF): A bibliometric analysis of the 100 most influential articles Badr Hafiz, Thamer Alsharif, Faisal Sukkar, Moaath Alghamdi, Ali Zaki Alhabib, Shuruq Obaid Alshammari, Saleh Baeesa Brain and Spine.2026; 6: 106043. CrossRef
Minimally invasive spine surgery: current advantages, limitations, and future directions Weonmin Cho, Soo-Bin Lee, Seong Ho Oh, Young-Seo Park, Kyung-Yil Kang Asian Spine Journal.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Functional Ureteral Obstruction Due to Retroperitoneal Tissue Interposition During Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Report of Two Cases Jun-Seok Lee, Young-Hoon Kim, Sang-Il Kim, Kihyun Kwon, Sangjun Park, Joonghyun Ahn, Chungwon Bang, Hyung-Youl Park Journal of Clinical Medicine.2026; 15(9): 3235. CrossRef
A New Pilot Hole Preparation System for Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement Chaobo Feng, Longfei Wang, Sheng Yang, Xinbo Wu, Yunshan Fan, Huang Yan, Fangjing Chen, Jia Chen, Xiang Wang, Qishuai Guo, Longxiang Yao, Yingchuan Zhao, Shisheng He, Haijian Ni Spine.2025; 50(2): 115. CrossRef
Lateral Fusion is a Unique Feature in Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study Tong Yongjun, Fu Chudi, Zhang Qibin, Huang Bao, Ou Changjiang, Zhang Xuyang, Liu Junhui, Fan Shunwu, Zhao Fengdong Global Spine Journal.2025; 15(5): 2714. CrossRef
Facet Joint Block: A Temporary Fix for an Iatrogenic Problem After Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion? Mary L. Forte Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.2025; 107(1): e2. CrossRef
The risk factors for low back pain following oblique lateral interbody fusion: focus on sarcopenia Dazhuang Miao, Mengke Fan, Weiqi Zhang, Xiaowei Ma, Hui Wang, Xianda Gao, Di Zhang Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of OLIF combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of patients with primary lumbar spondylodiscitis Liang Deng, Yu Zhou, Moliang Xiong, Jihuan Zeng, Caiguang Luo, Jia Guo, Qiang Xiao Frontiers in Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Which subtypes of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis are suitable for oblique lumbar interbody fusion? A retrospective study in China based on the clinical and radiographic degenerative spondylolisthesis classification Xianghe Wang, Hongwei Wang, Xiaosheng Ma, Xinlei Xia, Feizhou Lyu, Haocheng Xu, Hongli Wang Asian Spine Journal.2025; 19(1): 112. CrossRef
Instrumented Facet Fusion in the Lumbosacral Spine: Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Results Chang Hwa Ham, Seung Jin Choi, Woo-Keun Kwon, Hong Joo Moon, Joo Han Kim, Youn-Kwan Park World Neurosurgery.2025; 196: 123730. CrossRef
Complications of anterior-to-psoas and their avoidance and treatment Chang Hwa Ham, Woo-Keun Kwon, Joo Han Kim Seminars in Spine Surgery.2025; 37(1): 101161. CrossRef
L2/3, L3/4 and L4/5 oblique lumbar interbody fusion/anterior to psoas: Anatomical and technical considerations Prashanth J Rao, Nipun Shreshtha, Gayani Petersingham, Andrew J Berg, Kevin Seex Seminars in Spine Surgery.2025; 37(1): 101162. CrossRef
Radiological Outcomes and Approach-Related Complications in Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion at the Upper Lumbar Level Hee-Woong Chung, Han-Dong Lee, Myungsub Lee, Nam-Su Chung Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(10): 3333. CrossRef
Finite element analysis of pedicle screw fixation biomechanics and adjacent segment degeneration in varied bone conditions Linling Zhang, Zhongxiang Yu, Xuanzong Zhang, Hongsheng Zhan, Kuan Wang, Yongfang Zhao, Maohua Lin, Frank Vrionis, Huihao Wang Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The feasibility of robotic navigation in single position oblique lateral spine surgery. A technical note and a retrospective study Asrafi Rizki Gatam, Luthfi Gatam, Ajiantoro Ajiantoro, Omar Luthfi, Phedy Phedy, Harmantya Mahadhipta, Syafruddin Husin, Karina Sylvana Gani, Mitchel Mitchel, Erica Kholinne Frontiers in Surgery.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Lumbar Interbody Fusions: Review of Uses, Techniques, and Complications
Daniel T. DeGenova, Nathaniel J. Starcher, Tristian M. Rodriquez, Caleb A. Hogge, Madeline A. Kilby, Marque T. Kriebel, Isaac Korb, F. Paul DeGenova Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants.2025; 35(3): 63. CrossRef
Influence of Modic Changes on Lateral vs. Central Fusion Features in Stand-Alone Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Analysis of Outcomes, Imaging, and Histology Tong Yongjun, Qiu Xiaoming, Zhang Qibin, Huang Bao, Zhang Xuyang, Liu Junhui, Fan Shunwu, Zhao Fengdong World Neurosurgery.2025; 203: 124486. CrossRef
Postoperative Fluid Collections after Lumbar Spine Surgery: Differential Diagnosis and Surgical Considerations Hoiwan Cheung, Shari T. Jawetz, Christian Geannette RadioGraphics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Prediction of Angle Loss after L4/5 Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion : Development of a Risk Stratification Model Se-Woon Kim, Su-Hun Lee, Jun-Seok Lee, Chi-Hyung Lee, Chang-Hyun Kim, Soon-Ki Sung, Dong-Wuk Son, Sang-Weon Lee Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.2025; 68(6): 724. CrossRef
Ibero-Latin American Consensus on Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (L2-L5): A Modified Delphi Study Federico Landriel, Alderico Girão Campos de Barros, Rubén Alejandro Morales Ciancio, Alfonso Vega, Alisson R. Teles, Álvaro Silva González, Carlos Abraham Arellanes-Chávez, David Suárez-Fernández, Gerd Bordon, Javier Gutierrez, José Augusto Malheiros, Jua World Neurosurgery.2025; 203: 124490. CrossRef
Facet-Sparing Trans-Kambin Lumbar Interbody Fusion Versus Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (Anterior-to-Psoas): Effect on Disc Height, Segmental Lordosis, and Lumbar Lordosis – Retrospective Case Series Sharvin Sheth, Amit Jhala, Akash Vasavda, Harsh Kotecha Journal of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Technique.2025; 10(2): 183. CrossRef
Anterior Column Realignment Using an Anterior-To-Psoas Approach: A Radiographic-Anatomic Feasibility Study at L1-L5 Takashi Hirase, Caleb Shin, Jeyvikram Thirumavalavan, Venkat Boddapati, Tiffany Lee, Varan Haghshenas, Rex AW Marco Global Spine Journal.2024; 14(7): 1959. CrossRef
Additional cement augmentation reduces cage subsidence and improves clinical outcomes in oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with anterolateral screw fixation: A retrospective cohort study Shih-Feng Hung, Tsung-Ting Tsai, Sheng-Fen Wang, Ming-Kai Hsieh, Fu-Cheng Kao Current Problems in Surgery.2024; 61(2): 101441. CrossRef
The effect of polymethylmethacrylate augmentation on the primary stability of stand-alone implant construct versus posterior stabilization in oblique lumbar interbody fusion with osteoporotic bone quality— a finite element study Ferenc Bereczki, Mate Turbucz, Agoston Jakab Pokorni, Benjamin Hajnal, Marton Ronai, Istvan Klemencsics, Aron Lazary, Peter Endre Eltes The Spine Journal.2024; 24(7): 1323. CrossRef
The Evolution of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Journey from Past to Present Anthony Xi Jie Wong, Derek Haowen Tang, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh Medicina.2024; 60(3): 378. CrossRef
Oblique lateral interbody fusion at L5-S1: feasibility, surgical approach window, incision line, and influencing factors Rusheel Nayak, Jacob Razzouk, Omar Ramos, Shaurya Mehta, Gideon Harianja, Nathaniel Wycliffe, Olumide Danisa, Wayne Cheng European Spine Journal.2024; 33(7): 2604. CrossRef
Expandable Cages for Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Narrative Review Soo-Bin Lee, Jonghun Yoon, Sung-Jun Park, Dong-Sik Chae Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(10): 2889. CrossRef
Innovative Developments in Lumbar Interbody Cage Materials and Design: A Comprehensive Narrative Review Sam Yeol Chang, Dong-Ho Kang, Samuel K. Cho Asian Spine Journal.2024; 18(3): 444. CrossRef
Risk Factors for Adjacent Segment Disease Following Minimally Invasive L5-Floating Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Dong-Ho Kang, Bong-Soon Chang, Hyoungmin Kim, Dongook Kim, Sanghyun Park, Sam Yeol Chang Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery.2024; 31(2): 31. CrossRef
A Comprehensive Analysis of Potential Complications after Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion : A Review of Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Scans in Over 400 Cases Kang-Hoon Lee, Su-Hun Lee, Jun-Seok Lee, Young-Ha Kim, Soon-Ki Sung, Dong-Wuk Son, Sang-Weon Lee, Geun-Sung Song Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.2024; 67(5): 550. CrossRef
Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Combined with Posterior Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Internal Fixation: Does Variability in Cage Position Influence Clinical Outcomes? Xingda Chen, Liekun Chen, Jingjing Tang, Wanyan Chen, Zefeng Song, Zelin Zhou, Hang Zhuo, Riwei Tan, Rueishiuan Jiang, Wenhua Zhao, De Liang, Hui Ren, Gengyang Shen, Xiaobing Jiang World Neurosurgery.2024; 189: e904. CrossRef
Effects of the Severity of Stenosis on Clinical Outcomes of Indirect Decompression Using Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Dong-Ho Kang, Jonghyuk Baek, Bong-Soon Chang, Hyoungmin Kim, Seong Hwa Hong, Sam Yeol Chang Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(15): 4421. CrossRef
The Clinical Application and Research Progress of Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion (OLIF) 朝硕 刘 Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(10): 1317. CrossRef
Unique characteristics of bone union at the infected vertebrae after minimally invasive posterior fixation without bone grafting in thoracolumbar pyogenic spondylitis: a retrospective multicenter cohort study Hisanori Gamada, Toru Funayama, Keigo Nagasawa, Takane Nakagawa, Shun Okuwaki, Kaishi Ogawa, Yosuke Shibao, Katsuya Nagashima, Kengo Fujii, Yosuke Takeuchi, Masaki Tatsumura, Itsuo Shiina, Tsukasa Nakagawa, Masashi Yamazaki, Masao Koda BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Intraoperative Facet Joint Block Reduces Pain After Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Sung Hyeon Noh, Sang-Woo Lee, Jong-moon Hwang, JinWoo Jung, Eunyoung Lee, Dae-Chul Cho, Chi Heon Kim, Kyoung-Tae Kim Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Postoperative urinary retention after oblique lumbar interbody fusion under the systematic management protocol Joonsoo Lim, Jangyeob Lim, Asfandyar Khan, Chang-Hyun Lee, Jun-Hoe Kim, Sejin Choi, Tae-Shin Kim, Yunhee Choi, Chun Kee Chung, Sangwook T. Yoon, Kyoung-Tae Kim, Chi Heon Kim Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Shape-memory collagen scaffold combined with hyaluronic acid for repairing intervertebral disc Young Won Koo, Chang Su Lim, Anjani Darai, JiUn Lee, Wonjin Kim, Inbo Han, Geun Hyung Kim Biomaterials Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Looking Back on 2022 With Neurospine Dal-Sung Ryu, Inbo Han Neurospine.2023; 20(1): 158. CrossRef
Efficacy of oblique lumbar interbody fusion versus transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis Xi-yong Li, Yun-lu Wang, Su Yang, Chang-sheng Liao, Song-feng Li, Peng-yong Han, Peng-fei Han Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.2023; 143(9): 5657. CrossRef
Anterior-To-Psoas Approach Measurements, Feasibility, Non-Neurological Structures at Risk and Influencing Factors: A Bilateral Analysis From L1-L5 Using Computed Tomography Imaging Jacob Razzouk, Omar Ramos, Shaurya Mehta, Gideon Harianja, Nathaniel Wycliffe, Olumide Danisa, Wayne Cheng Operative Neurosurgery.2023; 25(1): 52. CrossRef
Comparing Efficacy of Lumbar Disc Space Preparation via an Anterior-to-Psoas Approach Between Intraoperative Conventional Fluoroscopy and Computed Tomographic-Based Navigation System: A Cadaveric Study Worawat Limthongkul, Waranyoo Wathanavasin, Vit Kotheeranurak, Thanadol Tangdamrongtham, Teerachat Tanasansomboon, Wicharn Yingsakmongkol, Weerasak Singhatanadgige World Neurosurgery.2023; 176: e226. CrossRef
Commentary on “Three-Dimensional-Printed Titanium Versus Polyetheretherketone Cages for Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Systematic Review of Comparative In Vitro, Animal, and Human Studies” Yanting Liu, Siravich Suvithayasiri, Jin-Sung Kim Neurospine.2023; 20(2): 464. CrossRef
Perioperative Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis After Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF), OLIF With Anterolateral Screw Fixation, or OLIF With Percutaneous Pedicle Fixation: A Comprehensive Treatment Strategy for Patients With Lumbar Degenera Xiangyu Zhang, Yutian Wang, Weikang Zhang, Shaocheng Liu, Zhenlei Liu, Kai Wang, Hao Wu Neurospine.2023; 20(2): 536. CrossRef
Mini-Open Intercostal Retroperitoneal Approach for Upper Lumbar Spine Lateral Interbody Fusion Su Hun Lee, Dong Wuk Son, Sung Hyun Bae, Jun Seok Lee, Young Ha Kim, Soon Ki Sung, Sang Weon Lee, Geun Sung Song Neurospine.2023; 20(2): 553. CrossRef
Antepsoas Approaches to the Lumbar Spine Travis S. CreveCoeur, Colin P. Sperring, Anthony M. DiGiorgio, Dean Chou, Andrew K. Chan Neurosurgery Clinics of North America.2023; 34(4): 619. CrossRef
Comparison of Lumbosacral Fusion Grade in Patients after Transforaminal and Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Minimum 2‐Year Follow‐Up Jinping Liu, Rong Xie, Cynthia T. Chin, Priya Rajagopalan, Ping‐Guo Duan, Bo Li, Shane Burch, Sigurd H. Berven, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Dean Chou Orthopaedic Surgery.2023; 15(9): 2334. CrossRef
Letter to the Editor : Classifying the Anatomical Location of the Ureter after Retroperitoneal Dissection Su-Hun Lee, Dong-Wuk Son, Jun-Seok Lee, Geun-Sung Song Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.2023; 66(5): 605. CrossRef
Surgical treatment of spondylolisthesis by oblique lumbar interbody fusion and transpedicular screw fixation: Comparison between conventional double position versus navigation-assisted single lateral position Junghoon Han, Chang-Min Ha, Woon Tak Yuh, Young San Ko, Jun-Hoe Kim, Tae-Shin Kim, Chang-Hyun Lee, Sungjoon Lee, Sun-Ho Lee, Asfandyar Khan, Chun Kee Chung, Chi Heon Kim, Mohamed El-Sayed Abdel-Wanis PLOS ONE.2023; 18(9): e0291114. CrossRef
The Influence of Spondylolisthesis Reduction on the Adjacent Lumbar Segment Tae-Hwan Park, Yunhee Choi, Tae-Shin Kim, Jun-Hoe Kim, Chang-Hyun Lee, Sum Kim, Young Rak Kim, Yong San Ko, Woon Tak Yuh, John M. Rhee, Kyoung-Tae Kim, Chun Kee Chung, Chi Heon Kim The Nerve.2023; 9(2): 91. CrossRef
The Fate of Pre-Existing L5-S1 Degeneration following Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion of L4-L5 and Above Dong-Ho Kang, Ji Hwan Kim, Bong-Soon Chang, Hyoungmin Kim, Dongook Kim, Sanghyun Park, Seong Hwa Hong, Sam Yeol Chang Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(23): 7463. CrossRef
An Expanded Surgical Corridor of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion at L4–5: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study Worawat Limthongkul, Pakawas Praisarnti, Teerachat Tanasansomboon, Natavut Prasertkul, Vit Kotheeranurak, Wicharn Yingsakmongkol, Weerasak Singhatanadgige Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1450. CrossRef
Fusion Assessment of Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Demineralized Bone Matrix: A 2-Year Prospective Study Sangseok Lee, Jin Woo Jung, Sang-Woo Lee, Kyoung-Tae Kim, Heum-Dai Kwon, Subum Lee, Young San Ko, Pius Kim, Dae-Chul Cho Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1205. CrossRef
Simultaneous Single-Position Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Unilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Single-Level Lumbar Tuberculosis: A 3-Year Retrospective Comparative Study Jinyue He, Jiezhong Deng, Yusheng Yang, Tingting Zheng, Fei Luo, Jianzhong Xu, Zehua Zhang Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1306. CrossRef
The Combined Effects of RhBMP-2 and Systemic RANKL Inhibitor in Patients With Bone Density Loss Undergoing Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Observational Analysis With Propensity Score Matching Seungjun Ryu, Seon-Jin Yoon, Chang Kyu Lee, Seong Yi, Keung-Nyun Kim, Yoon Ha, Dong Ah Shin Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1186. CrossRef
Oblique lateral interbody fusion: The fundamentals for practice Clare E. Griffis, Christopher P. Carroll Seminars in Spine Surgery.2022; 34(3): 100973. CrossRef
The Future of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Dong Hwa Heo, Yoon Ha, Seung Yi, Hungtae Chung Neurology India.2022; 70(Suppl 2): S104. CrossRef
Single position lateral fusion reduces the need for a secondary surgery and robotic guidance allows for potentially higher accuracy of screw placement. We expand the role of robotics with a simultaneous workflow where 2 surgeons can work in single position surgery and discuss the technical feasibility of placement of S2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screws in the lateral position. A 70-year-old male presented with chronic back pain and bilateral leg pain with the left side worse than the right. He subsequently underwent an L3–S1 oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) with a minimally invasive L3-ilium robotic posterior spinal fixation simultaneously in single lateral position with S2AI screws. The software planning requisite of robotics allowed for a preoperative plan where lumbar cortical screws were used to line up with bilateral S2AI screws. Intraoperatively, the OLIF was performed anterior to the patient which allowed for a second surgeon to perform the posterior stage of screw placement simultaneously in overlapping fashion during OLIF exposure. Once all screws were placed, the OLIF discectomy and cage placement were completed. As the OLIF incision is closed, rodding proceeds posteriorly with subsequent closure simultaneously as well. Operative time from skin incision to skin closure was 3 hours and 47 minutes. We present here a novel technical report on the recommended workflow of simultaneous robotic single position surgery OLIF and demonstrate the feasibility of placement of sacroiliac fixation in the lateral decubitus position. We believe this technique to be minimally invasive, effective, with the benefit of shortening valuable operating room case time.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Extended uses of robots in spine surgery beyond thoracolumbar pedicle screws: A narrative review Vidyadhara Srinivasa, Abhishek Soni, Balamurugan Thirugnanam, Prabhu Krishnan Journal of Robotic Surgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Cirugía robótica de columna vertebral: nota técnica y análisis descriptivo de los primeros 40 casos Víctor Rodríguez-Domínguez, Jorge Bedia Cadelo, Javier Giner García, María Luisa Gandía González, Catalina Vivancos Sánchez, Alberto Isla Guerrero Neurocirugía.2025; 36(3): 169. CrossRef
Robotic spine surgery: Technical note and descriptive analysis of the first 40 cases Víctor Rodríguez-Domínguez, Jorge Bedia Cadelo, Javier Giner García, María Luisa Gandía González, Catalina Vivancos Sánchez, Alberto Isla Guerrero Neurocirugía (English Edition).2025; 36(3): 169. CrossRef
Single-Position vs Dual-Position Circumferential Lumbar Interbody Fusion With ALIF or OLIF: A Systematic Review Rajko S. Vucicevic, Justin Castonguay, Mohammed A. Munim, Kevin C. Jacob, Sayyida Hasan, Ilyass Majji, Alexander J. Butler, Madhav R. Patel, Andrew P. Collins, Grant Park, Justin Walsh, Alexander Parsons, Kern Singh, Matthew W. Colman Contemporary Spine Surgery.2025; 26(3): 1. CrossRef
Evolution of Robotic Spine Surgery Technologies Martin H. Pham, Nolan J. Brown Neurosurgery.2025; 96(3S): S75. CrossRef
A Prospective Study of 3D Navigation-Guided Single-Position OLIF with Posterior Percutaneous Fixation Bharat Rajendraprasad Dave, Mrugank Narvekar, Ajay Krishnan, Devanand Degulmadi, Ravi Ranjan Rai, Mirant Bharat Dave Indian Spine Journal.2025; 8(2): 138. CrossRef
Robot-assisted vs conventional lumbar interbody fusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative, radiographic, and clinical outcomes Carlos M Ardila, Santiago Ángel-Estrada, Daniel González-Arroyave World Journal of Orthopedics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Biomechanical Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Pedicle Screw Fixation after Multilevel Lumbar Lateral Interbody Fusion James M. Mok, Craig Forsthoefel, Roberto Leonardo Diaz, Ye Lin, Farid Amirouche Global Spine Journal.2024; 14(5): 1524. CrossRef
Single position L5-S1 lateral ALIF with simultaneous robotic posterior fixation is safe and improves regional alignment and lordosis distribution index Nicholas S. Hernandez, L. Daniel Diaz-Aguilar, Martin H. Pham European Spine Journal.2024; 33(9): 3583. CrossRef
Spinal Robotics in Single-Position Lateral Surgery: A Narrative Review of Key Concepts and Considerations Nicholas S. Hernandez, Zach Pennington, Saarang Patel, Nolan J. Brown, Abigail Broughton, Martin H. Pham World Neurosurgery.2024; 190: 56. CrossRef
The Evolution of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Journey from Past to Present Anthony Xi Jie Wong, Derek Haowen Tang, Arun-Kumar Kaliya-Perumal, Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh Medicina.2024; 60(3): 378. CrossRef
Feasibility and safety report on robotic assistance for cervical pedicle screw fixation: a cadaveric study Seungjun Ryu, Byeong-Jin Ha, Sunjin Yoon, Chang Kyu Lee, Dong Ah Shin, Keung-Nyun Kim, Seong Yi Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Commentary on “A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study Comparing 3 Different Spine Pedicle Screw Fixation Methods: Freehand, Fluoroscopy-Guided, and Robot-Assisted Techniques” Jacob Yoong-Leong Oh Neurospine.2024; 21(1): 95. CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of navigation robot-assisted versus conventional oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion with internal fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: A retrospective study Min Tong, Siping Zhang, Wenhao Zhang, Limin Mou, Zhenyu Dong, Rong Wang, Shida Li, Yifei Huang Medicine.2024; 103(32): e39261. CrossRef
Postoperative urinary retention after oblique lumbar interbody fusion under the systematic management protocol Joonsoo Lim, Jangyeob Lim, Asfandyar Khan, Chang-Hyun Lee, Jun-Hoe Kim, Sejin Choi, Tae-Shin Kim, Yunhee Choi, Chun Kee Chung, Sangwook T. Yoon, Kyoung-Tae Kim, Chi Heon Kim Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Floor-Mounted Robotic Pedicle Screw Placement in Lumbar Spine Surgery: An Analysis of 1,050 Screws Pratyush Shahi, Omri Maayan, Daniel Shinn, Sidhant Dalal, Junho Song, Kasra Araghi, Dimitra Melissaridou, Avani Vaishnav, Karim Shafi, Yuri Pompeu, Evan Sheha, James Dowdell, Sravisht Iyer, Sheeraz A. Qureshi Neurospine.2023; 20(2): 577. CrossRef
Commentary on “Perioperative Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis After Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF), OLIF With Anterolateral Screw Fixation, or OLIF With Percutaneous Pedicle Fixation: A Comprehensive Treatment Strategy for Patients With Chang Il Ju Neurospine.2023; 20(2): 550. CrossRef
Simultaneous Single-Position Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Unilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Single-Level Lumbar Tuberculosis: A 3-Year Retrospective Comparative Study Jinyue He, Jiezhong Deng, Yusheng Yang, Tingting Zheng, Fei Luo, Jianzhong Xu, Zehua Zhang Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1306. CrossRef
Pearls and Pitfalls of Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion: A Comprehensive Narrative Review Hyoungmin Kim, Bong-Soon Chang, Sam Yeol Chang Neurospine.2022; 19(1): 163. CrossRef
Efficacy of Single-Position Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in Treating Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Cohort Study Peng Cheng, Xiao-bo Zhang, Qi-ming Zhao, Hai-hong Zhang Frontiers in Neurology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Single-position circumferential lumbar spinal fusion: an overview of terminology, concepts, rationale and the current evidence base J. Alex Thomas, Cristiano Menezes, Aaron J. Buckland, Kaveh Khajavi, Kimberly Ashayeri, Brett A. Braly, Brian Kwon, Ivan Cheng, Pedro Berjano European Spine Journal.2022; 31(9): 2167. CrossRef
Single-Position Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation under O-Arm Navigation: A Retrospective Comparative Study Hyung Cheol Kim, Yeong Ha Jeong, Sung Han Oh, Jong Min Lee, Chang Kyu Lee, Seong Yi, Yoon Ha, Keung Nyun Kim, Dong Ah Shin Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 12(1): 312. CrossRef
Objective There have been no clinical studies comparing different robotic techniques. We compare minimally invasive, robot-guided transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (RGTLIF) and mini-open robot-guided posterior lumbar interbody fusion (RG-PLIF).
Methods Using data from a prospective institutional registry, we identified 38 patients who underwent RG-PLIF. Propensity score matching using a nearest-neighbor algorithm was implemented to select RG-TLIF controls. Twelve-month patient-reported outcome measures are presented. A reduction of ≥ 30% from baseline was defined as the minimum clinically important difference (MCID).
Results Among the 76 included patients, there was no difference between RG-TLIF and RG-PLIF in surgical time (132.3 ± 29.4 minutes vs. 156.5 ± 53.0 minutes, p = 0.162), length of stay (55.9 ± 20.0 hours vs. 57.2 ± 18.8 hours, p = 0.683), and radiation dose area product (310.6 ± 126.1 mGy × cm2 vs. 287.9 ± 90.3 mGy × cm2, p = 0.370). However, while there was no difference among the 2 groups in terms of raw postoperative patient-reported outcome measures scores (all p > 0.05), MCID in leg pain was greater for RG-PLIF (55.3% vs. 78.9%, p = 0.028), and MCID in Oswestry Disability Index was greater for RG-TLIF (92.1% vs. 68.4%, p = 0.009). There was no difference concerning back pain (81.6% vs. 68.4%, p = 0.185).
Conclusion Our findings suggest that both RG-TLIF and RG-PLIF are viable and equally effective techniques in robotic spine surgery.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Lumbar spinal stenosis: current concept of management Ji-Won Kwon, Kyung-Soo Suk, Seong-Hwan Moon, Si-Young Park, Namhoo Kim, Sub-Ri Park, Jae-Won Shin, Hak-Sun Kim, Byung Ho Lee Asian Spine Journal.2026; 20(1): 143. CrossRef
Clinical benefits of robotics in neurosurgery: a systematic review of operative time and recovery outcomes Jheremy S. Reyes, Cristian S. Cabezas, Luis M. Navarro-Ramirez, David F. Estupiñan-Pepinosa, Sofia Isabella Leal, Raul F. Vega-Alvear, Juan S. Aguirre-Patiño Egyptian Journal of Neurosurgery.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Real-world data and evidence in pain research: a qualitative systematic review of methods in current practice Jan Vollert, Bethea A. Kleykamp, John T. Farrar, Ian Gilron, David Hohenschurz-Schmidt, Robert D. Kerns, Sean Mackey, John D. Markman, Michael P. McDermott, Andrew S.C. Rice, Dennis C. Turk, Ajay D. Wasan, Robert H. Dworkin PAIN Reports.2023; 8(2): e1057. CrossRef
Robotics in Cervical Spine Surgery: Feasibility and Safety of Posterior Screw Placement Lu-Ping Zhou, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Dui Li, Shu Fang, Rui Sheng, Ren-Jie Zhang, Cai-Liang Shen Neurospine.2023; 20(1): 329. CrossRef
Clinical application of spinal robot in cervical spine surgery: safety and accuracy of posterior pedicle screw placement in comparison with conventional freehand methods Lu-Ping Zhou, Ren-Jie Zhang, Wen-Kui Zhang, Liang Kang, Kai-Xuan Li, Hua-Qing Zhang, Chong-Yu Jia, Yin-Shun Zhang, Cai-Liang Shen Neurosurgical Review.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cost-utility analysis of endoscopic lumbar discectomy following a uniform clinical pathway in the Korean national health insurance system Chi Heon Kim, Yunhee Choi, Chun Kee Chung, Seung Heon Yang, Chang-Hyun Lee, Sung Bae Park, Keewon Kim, Sun Gun Chung, Sathish Muthu PLOS ONE.2023; 18(6): e0287092. CrossRef
Commentary on “Simultaneous Single-Position Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery and Unilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Spondylolisthesis” Zafer Orkun Toktas Neurospine.2023; 20(3): 835. CrossRef
Spine Surgical Robotics: Current Status and Recent Clinical Applications Jiangtao Wang, Junxian Miao, Yi Zhan, Yongchao Duan, Yuanshun Wang, Dingjun Hao, Biao Wang Neurospine.2023; 20(4): 1256. CrossRef
Narrative Review of Uniportal, Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy Woon Tak Yuh, Chang-Hyun Lee, Chun Kee Chung, Chi Heon Kim International journal of Pain.2022; 13(1): 11. CrossRef
Commentary on “Robot-Guided Transforaminal Versus Robot-Guided Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Lumbar Degenerative Disease” Sertac Kirnaz, Branden Medary, Roger Härtl Neurospine.2021; 18(1): 106. CrossRef
OBJECTIVE To review the current applications of robotics in spinal surgery. METHODS We reviewed the literature on robotic surgery identified by searching Pubmed. Articles reporting clinical results of robotic surgeries using the da Vinci surgical system(R) were analyzed. Descriptions of our trials and comparisons with the conventional techniques were added to the review. RESULTS Several surgical robots have been developed however, most of the robots are currently unavailable for practical use. Most of publications regarding spinal surgical robots merely suggested its feasibility. The da vinci surgical system(R) is the popular robotic system designed for use in various surgical fields. However, clinical applications of this innovative instrument in spinal surgery seem to be in the experimental phase.
According to our research, the advantages of robotic surgery using the da Vinci surgical system(R) were maximized in cases of paravertebral or presacral tumors however, its use in other types of spinal surgeries such as the transoral craniovertebral junction approach andanterior lumbar interbody fusion will be feasible in the near future despite the current limitations. CONCLUSION Clinical application of robotic surgery in the spinal surgical field is currently confined to the treatment of some specific diseases or procedures however, robotic surgery is expected to play a practical future role as a minimally invasive surgical instrument in spinal surgery.
First
Prev
