Scientific knowledge used to medicine to aid in diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and innovation is referred to as medical technology. It does this by creating tools, machines, and pharmaceuticals using engineering and biotechnology methods [1,2]. The manufacturing of equipment and techniques utilized in the medical field such as augmented reality (AR)-assisted real-time visualization of spine surgery, neuromonitoring systems, robotics-assisted surgery, robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement, and intraoperative navigation systems is specifically referred to when discussing spinal medical technology [1,3-5].
Augmented and mixed-reality technologies are included in smart glasses (SG) for spine surgery, giving surgeons access to real-time imaging, guidance, and patient information [6,7]. With the use of these glasses, the surgeon may plan and navigate surgery more efficiently by the image on the wearable displays are closer than those on a fluoroscopic monitor, allowing for a clearer view and reducing radiation exposure during percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) insertion [7,8]. This study [9] examines the potential and usefulness of SG in spine surgery. Adoption of SG offers a possible way to reduce related health concerns, since radiation exposure to spine surgeons during fluoroscopy-guided treatments increases. The MOVERIO SG manufactured by Epson Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) are a series of wearable AR devices designed for various applications. The latest MOVERIO smart glass delivers an engaging AR experience through quality QHD (quad high definition) or 3-dimensional (3D) images. Its binocular and lightweight see-through display also keeps you aware of your surroundings while you are viewing your content. The objective of the research, which employed operators with varying degrees of experience, was to assess how much SG reduced radiation exposure and increased procedural accuracy. Operators alternated between SG and traditional approaches to direct the insertion of PPS into lumbar model bones under fluoroscopic supervision, using the MOVERIO SG model BT-30E and the COREVISION 3D fluoroscopy system. The SG and non-SG groups’ insertion times did not differ significantly, according to the data. However, especially for less experienced operators, the use of SG considerably decreased the duration and amount of radiation exposure. Additionally, deviation studies showed that SG did not impair the precision of screw insertion.
The introduction of SG addressed critical concerns regarding radiation exposure in spine surgery, in line with the principles of minimizing time near radiation sources, maximizing distance, and using shielding devices. By projecting real-time fluoroscopic images into wearable displays, SG enabled surgeons to maintain focus on the operative field, minimizing the need for head movement and reducing fatigue compared to traditional methods. Furthermore, SG facilitated clearer image visualization, potentially enhancing procedural accuracy. While acknowledging limitations such as the use of model bones and a small sample size, the study underscores the potential of SG integration in spinal surgeries to enhance safety and optimize outcomes. Future research could explore SG integration with radiation protection goggles and validate findings in larger clinical settings.
In future direction, SG is poised to transform spine surgery with their potential applications. The application of AR guidance augments the surgeon’s field of view with digital information, hence improving surgical precision. Experts can offer real-time instruction throughout difficult operations through remote help. They also facilitate training and education through immersive experiences and live streaming. Integration with surgical navigation systems ensures accurate feedback on instrument positioning. Patient-specific planning optimizes surgical approaches, while enhanced communication features streamline teamwork in the operating room. As technology advances, SG promise to revolutionize spine surgery, improving outcomes and patient care. My summary of the advancements in current surgical smart glass in the field of spine surgery shows great potential and is continuously developing (Table 1).
This commentary on this study highlights the promising impact of SG in reducing radiation exposure and enhancing procedural efficiency in spine surgeries. It presents a viable and cost-effective solution to bolster surgical safety, thereby reducing health risks for patients and healthcare professionals alike. However, it’s essential for spine surgeons to possess the necessary knowledge and skills to conduct surgeries autonomously, without solely depending on robotics or computer assistance. Emergency situations demand swift and informed decisionmaking, calling for the expertise and proficiency of physicians. It’s crucial to acknowledge that complications may arise unexpectedly.
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