1. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Ageing 2019. New York: United Nations; 2020.
2. Costa F, Sassi M, Cardia A, et al. Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: analysis of results in a series of 374 patients treated with unilateral laminotomy for bilateral microdecompression. J Neurosurg Spine 2007 7:579-86.
3. Yong-Hing K, Kirkaldy-Willis WH. The pathophysiology of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine. Orthop Clin North Am 1983 14:491-504.
4. Katz JN, Harris MB. Clinical practice. Lumbar spinal stenosis. N Engl J Med 2008 358:818-25.
9. Sihvonen T, Herno A, Paljärvi L, et al. Local denervation atrophy of paraspinal muscles in postoperative failed back syndrome. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1993 18:575-81.
10. Bresnahan L, Ogden AT, Natarajan RN, et al. A biomechanical evaluation of graded posterior element removal for treatment of lumbar stenosis: comparison of a minimally invasive approach with two standard laminectomy techniques. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2009 34:17-23.
11. Johnsson KE, Willner S, Johnsson K. Postoperative instability after decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1986 11:107-10.
12. Katz JN, Lipson SJ, Chang LC, et al. Seven- to 10-year outcome of decompressive surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1996 21:92-8.
13. Ramhmdani S, Xia Y, Xu R, et al. Iatrogenic spondylolisthesis following open lumbar laminectomy: case series and review of the literature. World Neurosurg 2018 113:e383-90.
14. Getty CJ, Johnson JR, Kirwan EO, et al. Partial undercutting facetectomy for bony entrapment of the lumbar nerve root. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1981 63-B:330-5.
19. Phan K, Mobbs RJ. Minimally invasive versus open laminectomy for lumbar stenosis: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016 41:E91-100.
20. Alimi M, Hofstetter CP, Pyo SY, et al. Minimally invasive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis in patients with and without preoperative spondylolisthesis: clinical outcome and reoperation rates. J Neurosurg Spine 2015 22:339-52.
23. Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, et al. Full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008 33:931-9.
24. Hermantin FU, Peters T, Quartararo L, et al. A prospective, randomized study comparing the results of open discectomy with those of video-assisted arthroscopic microdiscectomy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999 81:958-65.
25. Lee CH, Choi M, Ryu DS, et al. Efficacy and safety of fullendoscopic decompression via interlaminar approach for central or lateral recess spinal stenosis of the lumbar spine: a meta-analysis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018 43:1756-64.
26. Ruetten S, Komp M. Endoscopic lumbar decompression. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2020 31:25-32.
28. Nam HGW, Kim HS, Park JS, et al. Double-layer TachoSil packing for management of incidental durotomy during percutaneous stenoscopic lumbar decompression. World Neurosurg 2018 120:448-56.
29. Mobbs RJ, Li J, Sivabalan P, et al. Outcomes after decompressive laminectomy for lumbar spinal stenosis: comparison between minimally invasive unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression and open laminectomy: clinical article. J Neurosurg Spine 2014 21:179-86.
30. Ulrich NH, Burgstaller JM, Gravestock I, et al. Outcome of unilateral versus standard open midline approach for bilateral decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis: is “over the top” really better? A Swiss prospective multicenter cohort study. J Neurosurg Spine 2019 Apr 26 1. -10.
https://doi.org/10.3171/2019.2.SPINE181309. [Epub].
32. Hasan S, McGrath LB, Sen RD, et al. Comparison of full-endoscopic and minimally invasive decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis in the setting of degenerative scoliosis and spondylolisthesis. Neurosurg Focus 2019 46:E16.
33. Komp M, Hahn P, Oezdemir S, et al. Bilateral spinal decompression of lumbar central stenosis with the full-endoscopic interlaminar versus microsurgical laminotomy technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Pain Physician 2015 18:61-70.
35. De Antoni DJ, Claro ML, Poehling GG, et al. Translaminar lumbar epidural endoscopy: anatomy, technique, and indications. Arthroscopy 1996 12:330-4.
37. Ahn Y, Kim CH, Lee JH, et al. Radiation exposure to the surgeon during percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a prospective study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2013 38:617-25.
38. Huang YH, Lien FC, Chao LY, et al. Full endoscopic uniportal unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: highlight of ligamentum flavum detachment and survey of efficacy and safety in 2 years of follow-up. World Neurosurg 2020 134:e672-e681.